Department of Psychology.
J Exp Psychol Gen. 2020 May;149(5):828-854. doi: 10.1037/xge0000682. Epub 2019 Oct 3.
Research has documented an overlap between people's aversion toward nonsocial pattern deviancy (e.g., a row of triangles with 1 triangle out of line) and their social prejudice. It is unknown which processes underlie this association, however, and whether this link is causal. We propose that pattern deviancy aversion may contribute to prejudice by heightening people's dislike of statistical minorities. Infrequent people in a population are pattern deviant in that they disrupt the statistical regularities of how people tend to look, think, and act in society, and this deviancy should incite others' prejudice. Nine studies ( = 1,821) supported this mediation. In Studies 1.1 and 1.2, adults' and young children's nonsocial pattern deviancy aversion related to disliking novel statistical minorities, and this dislike predicted prejudice against Black people. Studies 1.3 and 1.4 observed this mediation when experimentally manipulating pattern deviancy aversion, although pattern deviancy aversion did not directly impact racial prejudice. Study-set 2 replicated the proposed mediation in terms of prejudice against other commonly stigmatized individuals (e.g., someone with a physical disability). Importantly, we also found pattern deviancy aversion to affect such prejudice. Study-set 3 provided additional support for the mediation model. Pattern deviancy aversion predicted prejudice dependent on group-size, for instance, greater racial prejudice in cases where Black people are the statistical minority, but decreased racial prejudice when Black people are the statistical majority. Taken together, these findings indicate that people's aversion toward pattern deviancy motivates prejudice, and that this influence is partially driven by a dislike of statistical minorities. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).
研究记录了人们对非社会模式偏差（例如，一行三角形中有一个三角形不在一条线上）的厌恶与他们的社会偏见之间的重叠。然而，目前尚不清楚这种关联的背后是哪些过程，以及这种联系是否具有因果关系。我们提出，对模式偏差的厌恶可能通过加剧人们对统计少数群体的反感来导致偏见。在人群中不常见的人在模式上是偏差的，因为他们破坏了人们在社会中倾向于看待、思考和行动的统计规律，这种偏差应该会激起他人的偏见。有九个研究（= 1821）支持这种中介作用。在研究 1.1 和 1.2 中，成年人和幼儿的非社会模式偏差厌恶与对新颖的统计少数群体的反感有关，这种反感预测了对黑人的偏见。研究 1.3 和 1.4 观察到了这种中介作用，当实验性地操纵模式偏差厌恶时，尽管模式偏差厌恶并没有直接影响种族偏见。研究集 2 在对其他常见受污名化的个体（例如，身体残疾的人）的偏见方面复制了所提出的中介作用。重要的是，我们还发现模式偏差厌恶会影响这种偏见。研究集 3 为中介模型提供了额外的支持。例如，当黑人是统计少数群体时，对模式偏差的厌恶会预测出更大的种族偏见，但当黑人是统计多数群体时，种族偏见会减少。综上所述，这些发现表明，人们对模式偏差的厌恶会引发偏见，而这种影响部分是由对统计少数群体的反感所驱动的。（PsycInfo 数据库记录（c）2020 APA，保留所有权利）。
