Suter Philipp, Kermode Tessa, Clair Carole, Mueller Yolanda, Senn Nicolas
Physician, Faculty of Medicine and Biology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
Physician, Unisanté - University Centre for Primary Care and Public Health, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
BJGP Open. 2019 Oct 29;3(3). doi: 10.3399/bjgpopen19X101657. Print 2019 Oct.
Seasonal influenza and influenza-like illnesses are widespread, with an impact on GP consultations. GPs apply many preventive and protective measures to prevent seasonal influenza transmission, with no clear evidence of their effectiveness in this setting.
To review the effectiveness of preventive and protective measures to reduce the transmission of seasonal influenza and influenza-like illnesses in GP practices.
DESIGN & SETTING: A systematic review was conducted of the literature in Medline, Embase, and the Cochrane Central Register databases published between January 1960 and April 2014, later extended to January 2018.
Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) criteria were used. Controlled trials and experimental studies were included. Study quality was assessed according to the Cochrane risk of bias tool.
Out of 5727 articles screened, only two studies were finally retained: one study about the seasonal influenza vaccination of GPs to prevent transmission from patients or staff, and one about surface disinfection. The first study was a controlled trial, which showed limited evidence for seasonal influenza infection reduction among GPs through vaccination. The second, an experimental study, performed a virus screening on toys in the waiting area before and after disinfection. No study on protection measures was found that assessed the impact on influenza transmission in general practices.
The evidence is scarce on interventions that reduce influenza transmission in GP practices.
季节性流感和流感样疾病广泛传播，对全科医生（GP）的诊疗工作产生影响。全科医生采取了许多预防和保护措施来预防季节性流感传播，但在这种情况下其有效性尚无明确证据。
综述全科医疗中预防和保护措施对减少季节性流感及流感样疾病传播的有效性。
对1960年1月至2014年4月在Medline、Embase和Cochrane中央注册数据库中发表的文献进行系统综述，并将检索时间延长至2018年1月。
采用系统评价和Meta分析的首选报告项目（PRISMA）标准。纳入对照试验和实验性研究。根据Cochrane偏倚风险工具评估研究质量。
在筛选出的5727篇文章中，最终仅保留两项研究：一项关于全科医生接种季节性流感疫苗以预防患者或工作人员传播的研究，另一项关于表面消毒的研究。第一项研究为对照试验，显示接种疫苗对减少全科医生季节性流感感染的证据有限。第二项为实验性研究，在消毒前后对候诊区玩具进行病毒筛查。未发现评估对全科医疗中流感传播影响的保护措施研究。
关于减少全科医疗中流感传播干预措施的证据匮乏。
