Instituto de Salud Pública de Navarra, Leyre 15, 31003, Pamplona, Spain.
BMC Public Health. 2013 Mar 6;13:191. doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-13-191.
Some studies have evaluated vaccine effectiveness in preventing outpatient influenza while others have analysed its effectiveness in preventing hospitalizations. This study evaluates the effectiveness of the trivalent influenza vaccine in preventing outpatient illness and hospitalizations from laboratory-confirmed influenza in the 2010-2011 season.
We conducted a nested case-control study in the population covered by the general practitioner sentinel network for influenza surveillance in Navarre, Spain. Patients with influenza-like illness in hospitals and primary health care were swabbed for influenza testing. Influenza vaccination status and other covariates were obtained from health care databases. Using logistic regression, the vaccination status of laboratory-confirmed influenza cases was compared with that of test-negative controls, adjusting for age, sex, comorbidity, outpatient visits in the previous 12 months, health care setting, time between symptom onset and swabbing, period and A(H1N1)pdm09 vaccination. Effectiveness was calculated as (1-odds ratio)x100.
The 303 confirmed influenza cases (88% for A(H1N1)pdm09 influenza) were compared with the 286 influenza test-negative controls. The percentage of persons vaccinated against influenza was 4.3% and 15.7%, respectively (p<0.001). The adjusted estimate of effectiveness was 67% (95% CI: 24%, 86%) for all patients and 64% (95% CI: 8%, 86%) in those with an indication for vaccination (persons age 60 or older or with major chronic conditions). Having received both the 2010-2011 seasonal influenza vaccine and the 2009-2010 pandemic influenza vaccine provided 87% protection (95% CI: 30%, 98%) as compared to those not vaccinated.
The 2010-2011 seasonal influenza vaccine had a moderate protective effect in preventing laboratory-confirmed influenza.
一些研究评估了疫苗在预防门诊流感方面的有效性，而另一些研究则分析了其预防住院的效果。本研究评估了三价流感疫苗在预防 2010-2011 季节实验室确诊流感的门诊疾病和住院的有效性。
我们在西班牙纳瓦拉普通医生监测网络覆盖的人群中进行了一项嵌套病例对照研究。在医院和初级保健机构中出现流感样疾病的患者进行了流感检测拭子。从医疗保健数据库中获取了流感疫苗接种情况和其他协变量。使用逻辑回归，将实验室确诊的流感病例的疫苗接种状况与阴性对照病例进行比较，调整了年龄、性别、合并症、前 12 个月的门诊就诊次数、就诊地点、症状出现和拭子采集之间的时间、时间和 A(H1N1)pdm09 疫苗接种情况。有效性计算为(1-比值比)x100。
303 例确诊流感病例（88%为 A(H1N1)pdm09 流感）与 286 例流感阴性对照病例进行了比较。接种流感疫苗的比例分别为 4.3%和 15.7%（p<0.001）。调整后的总体有效性估计值为 67%（95%可信区间：24%，86%），对所有患者而言，对有接种疫苗指征的患者（年龄 60 岁或以上或有主要慢性疾病的患者）为 64%（95%可信区间：8%，86%）。与未接种疫苗者相比，同时接种了 2010-2011 季节性流感疫苗和 2009-2010 年大流行性流感疫苗可提供 87%的保护（95%可信区间：30%，98%）。
2010-2011 季节性流感疫苗对预防实验室确诊流感具有中等保护作用。
