National Research Council of Italy, Institute for Microelectronics and Microsystems, Lecce, Italy.
National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Clinical Physiology, Lecce, Italy.
Metabolomics. 2019 Oct 3;15(10):132. doi: 10.1007/s11306-019-1602-6.
The evaluation of volatile organic compounds(VOCs) emitted by human body offers a unique tool to set up new non-invasive devices for early diagnosis and long-lasting monitoring of most human diseases. However, their cellular origin and metabolic fate have not been completely elucidated yet, thus limiting their clinical application. Endothelium acts as an interface between blood and surrounding tissues. As such, it adapts its physiology in response to different environmental modifications thus playing a role in the pathogenesis of many metabolic and inflammatory diseases.
Since endothelium specifically reshapes its physiologic functions upon environmental changes the objective of this study was to evaluate if and how pro-inflammatory stimuli affect VOC metabolism in endothelial cell in culture.
Gas chromatography with mass spectrometric detection was applied to profile VOCs in the headspace of cultured endothelial cells (EC) in the absence or presence of the pro-inflammatory stimulus lipopolysaccharide (LPS).
We observed that, under resting conditions, EC affected the amount of 58 VOCs belonging to aldehyde, alkane and ketone families. Among these, LPS significantly altered the amount of 15 VOCs. ROC curves show a perfect performance (AUC = 1) for 10 metabolites including 1-butanol, 3-methyl-1-butanol and 2-ethyl-1-hexanol.
The emission and uptake of the aforementioned VOCs disclose potential unexplored metabolic pathways for EC that deserve to be investigated. Overall, we identified new candidate VOC potentially exploitable, upon experimental confirm in in vivo model of disease, as potential biomarkers of sepsis and pro-inflammatory clinical settings.
评估人体挥发有机化合物（VOCs）为开发新的非侵入性设备以进行大多数人类疾病的早期诊断和长期监测提供了独特的工具。然而，它们的细胞起源和代谢途径尚未完全阐明，因此限制了它们的临床应用。内皮作为血液和周围组织之间的界面。因此，它会根据不同的环境变化来调整其生理机能，从而在许多代谢和炎症性疾病的发病机制中发挥作用。
由于内皮细胞在环境变化时会特异性地重塑其生理功能，因此本研究的目的是评估促炎刺激物是否以及如何影响培养的内皮细胞（EC）中 VOC 的代谢。
采用气相色谱-质谱联用技术（GC-MS）分析培养的 EC 细胞在无或存在促炎刺激物脂多糖（LPS）时的顶空 VOC 谱。
我们观察到，在静息状态下，EC 会影响属于醛、烷烃和酮族的 58 种 VOC 的数量。其中，LPS 显著改变了 15 种 VOC 的数量。ROC 曲线显示 10 种代谢物（包括 1-丁醇、3-甲基-1-丁醇和 2-乙基-1-己醇）的表现完美（AUC=1）。
上述 VOC 的排放和摄取揭示了内皮细胞潜在的未被探索的代谢途径，值得进一步研究。总体而言，我们确定了新的候选 VOC，它们可能是脓毒症和促炎临床环境的潜在生物标志物，需要在疾病的体内模型中进行实验验证。
