小胶质细胞生物学：百年演变概念。

Microglia Biology: One Century of Evolving Concepts.

机构信息

Institute of Neuropathology, Medical Faculty, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Center for Basics in NeuroModulation (NeuroModulBasics), Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.

Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel.

出版信息

Cell. 2019 Oct 3;179(2):292-311. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2019.08.053.

DOI:10.1016/j.cell.2019.08.053

PMID:31585077

Abstract

Microglia were first recognized as a distinct cell population in the CNS one century ago. For a long time, they were primarily considered to be phagocytes responsible for removing debris during CNS development and disease. More recently, advances in imaging and genetics and the advent of single-cell technologies provided new insights into the much more complex and fascinating biology of microglia. The ontogeny of microglia was identified, and their functions in health and disease were better defined. Although many questions about microglia and their roles in human diseases remain unanswered, the prospect of targeting microglia for the treatment of neurological and psychiatric disorders is tantalizing.

摘要

小胶质细胞在一个世纪前首次被确认为中枢神经系统中的一个独特细胞群体。长期以来，它们主要被认为是吞噬细胞，负责在中枢神经系统发育和疾病过程中清除碎片。最近，成像和遗传学的进步以及单细胞技术的出现，为小胶质细胞更加复杂和迷人的生物学提供了新的见解。小胶质细胞的发生被确定，它们在健康和疾病中的功能也得到了更好的定义。尽管关于小胶质细胞及其在人类疾病中的作用仍有许多问题尚未得到解答，但针对小胶质细胞治疗神经和精神疾病的前景令人着迷。