Department of Psychology, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand.
Department of Psychology, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand.
Psychiatry Res. 2019 Nov;281:112592. doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2019.112592. Epub 2019 Sep 29.
Extensive research indicates that elevated intra-individual variability (IIV) of reaction time is associated with subclinical psychosis, as well as clinically diagnosed psychotic disorder. However, findings regarding the details of this relationship are equivocal. In particular, it is unknown whether associations between elevated IIV and subclinical psychosis are specific to certain psychotic symptoms or to complex reaction time tasks. Data from 492 undergraduates from the University of Otago were used to address this issue. Schizotypy and psychotic-like experiences (PLE) were assessed via interview and questionnaire, and participants completed both a simple reaction time (SRT) task and a continuous performance task-identical pairs version (CPT-IP). The individual standard deviation and coefficient of variation (ICV) were used as measures of IIV. Participants reporting PLE were more likely to have elevated ICV on the CPT-IP. These associations were specific to paranoid psychotic experiences, and to the suspiciousness subscale of the Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire. There were also weak associations between SRT ICV and PLE. The inclusion of a battery of reaction time tasks assessing different aspects of cognitive control is suggested for future research, and the findings are discussed in relation to theoretical approaches to paranoia and delusions.
大量研究表明，个体内反应时变异性（IIV）升高与亚临床精神病以及临床诊断的精神病障碍有关。然而，关于这种关系的细节的研究结果尚存在争议。特别是，升高的 IIV 与亚临床精神病之间的关联是否特定于某些精神病症状或复杂的反应时任务尚不清楚。奥塔哥大学的 492 名本科生的数据用于解决这个问题。使用访谈和问卷评估精神分裂症特质和类似精神病的体验（PLE），参与者完成了简单反应时（SRT）任务和连续性能任务-相同对版本（CPT-IP）。个体标准差和变异系数（ICV）用作 IIV 的测量指标。报告有 PLE 的参与者在 CPT-IP 上的 ICV 升高的可能性更大。这些关联特定于偏执型精神病体验，以及精神分裂症人格问卷的可疑性分量表。SRT ICV 与 PLE 之间也存在弱关联。未来的研究建议包括一系列评估认知控制不同方面的反应时任务，研究结果与偏执和妄想的理论方法有关。
