Merrie J. Kaas, PhD, APRN, PMHCNS-BC, FAAN, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
J Am Psychiatr Nurses Assoc. 2020 Jan/Feb;26(1):112-119. doi: 10.1177/1078390319878767. Epub 2019 Oct 5.
To review the challenges and issues facing educators as they prepare the psychiatric-mental health (PMH) nursing workforce to meet the needs of future practice. Based on the author's 40-plus-year career as an educator, clinician, and researcher, combined with a review of the literature, this article analyzes the current educational milieu for undergraduate, graduate, postgraduate, and continuing education of PMH nurses, including urgent educational priorities. It also offers recommendations to meet the needs of PMH nurses both in education and in clinical practice. PMH nursing education must evolve to provide nursing experiences in nontraditional as well as traditional clinical settings, and incorporate simulation and telehealth/digital/mobile platforms for delivery of content. Development of qualified faculty members and preceptors who represent the diversity of the American population must be addressed to adequately train PMH nurses to meet the demands of their future roles. Methods must also be created to define, teach, and evaluate PMH nurses' clinical competencies pre- and postclinical experiences. PMH nursing education must evolve and transform to attract, appropriately educate and prepare students for practice, and meet the growing need for qualified practitioners as well as faculty members and preceptors.
回顾教育工作者在培养精神科-心理健康（PMH）护理人员以满足未来实践需求时所面临的挑战和问题。本文基于作者作为教育者、临床医生和研究人员的 40 多年职业生涯，结合文献回顾，分析了本科、研究生、研究生后和 PMH 护士继续教育的当前教育环境，包括紧急教育优先事项。它还为满足 PMH 护士在教育和临床实践中的需求提供了建议。PMH 护理教育必须发展，为非传统和传统临床环境提供护理经验，并结合模拟和远程医疗/数字/移动平台来提供内容。必须解决合格教师和导师的发展问题，他们代表美国人口的多样性，以充分培训 PMH 护士，使其能够满足未来角色的需求。还必须创建方法来定义、教授和评估 PMH 护士在临床经验前后的临床能力。PMH 护理教育必须发展和转变，以吸引、适当教育和培养学生实践，并满足对合格从业者以及教师和导师的日益增长的需求。
