Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Bahir Dar, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.
Department of Pediatrics, St Paul University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
PLoS One. 2019 Oct 7;14(10):e0221190. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0221190. eCollection 2019.
Intestinal parasitic infection affects 3.5 billion people in the world and mostly affecting the low socio-economic groups. The objectives of this research works were to estimate the prevalence and determinants of intestinal parasitic infection among family members of known intestinal parasite infected patients.
A comparative cross-sectional study design was implemented in the urban and rural settings of Mecha district. The data were collected from August 2017toMarch 2019 from intestinal parasite infected patient household members. Epi-info software was used to calculate the sample size, 4531 household members were estimated to be included. Data were collected using interview technique, and collecting stool samples from each household contact of intestinal parasite patients. Descriptive statistics were used to estimate the prevalence of intestinal parasites among known contacts of intestinal parasite patients/family members. Binary logistic regression was used to identify the determinant factors of intestinal parasitic infection among family members.
The prevalence of intestinal parasite among household contacts of intestinal parasite-infected family members was 86.14% [95% CI: 86.14% - 87.15%]. Hookworm infection was the predominant type of infection (18.8%). Intestinal parasitic infection was associated with sex, environmental sanitation, overcrowding, personal hygiene, residence, substandard house, role in the household, source of light for the house, trimmed fingernails, family size, regular handwashing practice. Protozoa infection was associated with habit of ingesting raw vegetable, playing with domestic animals, water source and the presence of household water filtering materials.
High prevalence of intestinal parasitic infection was observed among household contacts of primary cases.
肠道寄生虫感染影响着全球 35 亿人口，主要影响社会经济水平较低的人群。本研究旨在评估已知肠道寄生虫感染患者家庭成员的肠道寄生虫感染的流行情况和决定因素。
采用城乡对比的横断面研究设计，在梅恰区进行。数据收集于 2017 年 8 月至 2019 年 3 月期间，来自肠道寄生虫感染患者家庭的成员。使用 Epi-info 软件计算样本量，估计需要纳入 4531 名家庭成员。采用访谈技术收集数据，并从每位肠道寄生虫患者的家庭接触者中采集粪便样本。采用描述性统计方法估计已知肠道寄生虫患者/家庭成员中肠道寄生虫的流行情况。采用二元逻辑回归分析确定家庭成员肠道寄生虫感染的决定因素。
肠道寄生虫感染在肠道寄生虫感染患者家庭成员的家庭接触者中流行率为 86.14%[95%CI：86.14%-87.15%]。钩虫感染是最主要的感染类型（18.8%）。肠道寄生虫感染与性别、环境卫生、过度拥挤、个人卫生、住所、不合格住房、家庭角色、房屋采光来源、修剪指甲、家庭规模、定期洗手习惯有关。原生动物感染与食用生蔬菜、与家畜玩耍、水源和家庭用水过滤材料有关。
在初级病例的家庭接触者中观察到肠道寄生虫感染的高流行率。
