Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road East, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada; Department of Animal Biosciences, Center for Genetic Improvement of Livestock, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road East, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada.
Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road East, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada.
Vet Clin North Am Food Anim Pract. 2019 Nov;35(3):405-429. doi: 10.1016/j.cvfa.2019.07.002.
Infectious diseases are the outcome of complex interactions between the host, pathogen, and environment. After exposure to a pathogen, the host immune system uses various mechanisms to remove the pathogen. However, environmental factors and characteristics of pathogens can compromise the host immune responses and subsequently alter the outcome of infection. In this article, genetic and epigenetic factors that shape the individual variation in mounting protective responses are reviewed. Different approaches that have been used by researchers to investigate the genetic regulation of immunity in ruminants and various sources of genetic information are discussed.
传染病是宿主、病原体和环境之间复杂相互作用的结果。宿主暴露于病原体后，免疫系统会利用各种机制清除病原体。然而，环境因素和病原体的特征会影响宿主的免疫反应，从而改变感染的结果。本文综述了影响宿主产生保护性反应个体差异的遗传和表观遗传因素。讨论了研究人员用于研究反刍动物免疫遗传调控的不同方法和各种遗传信息来源。
