Gething L
Soc Sci Med. 1985;20(6):561-5. doi: 10.1016/0277-9536(85)90394-6.
The insider-outsider view of disability is applied to the perception of problems associated with cerebral palsy. Twenty-five persons with cerebral palsy, 22 close relatives and 70 able bodied members of the public were asked to rate the severity of 48 problems likely to confront a cerebral palsied adult between the ages of 18 and 35 years. Results, analysed using the Kruskall-Wallis analysis of variance, provided support for predictions that persons with cerebral palsy would perceive problems as being less severe than would their relatives or able bodied persons. Two explanations are preferred for emerging differences: the greater optimism of the disabled sample can be interpreted as support for the 'insider' concept but could also reflect expectations and standards at variance with those of other groups sampled in the study. Qualified support was received for the third prediction that relatives would perceive problems as less severe than would able bodied persons. Relatives tended to emphasize problems associated with everyday management of the disability, restrictions in functioning and concern about the future, whilst 'outsiders' emphasized psychological problems and areas of personal interaction. The latter also seemed aware of their attitudes as a source of handicap for the disabled. It was concluded that greater interaction between disabled and able bodied people could bring into closer harmony their views of life with a disability. However evidence suggests that levels of contact between the two are still relatively low.
残障的“圈内人 - 圈外人”观点被应用于对与脑瘫相关问题的认知。研究要求25名脑瘫患者、22名近亲以及70名身体健全的公众对48个18至35岁脑瘫成年人可能面临的问题的严重程度进行评分。使用克鲁斯卡尔 - 沃利斯方差分析对结果进行分析，结果支持了以下预测：脑瘫患者会认为问题的严重程度低于他们的亲属或身体健全的人。对于出现的差异，有两种解释更受青睐：残疾样本的更大乐观情绪可被解释为对“圈内人”概念的支持，但也可能反映出与研究中其他抽样群体不同的期望和标准。对于第三个预测，即亲属会认为问题的严重程度低于身体健全的人，得到了有限的支持。亲属倾向于强调与残疾日常管理相关的问题、功能限制以及对未来的担忧，而“圈外人”则强调心理问题和个人互动领域。后者似乎也意识到他们的态度是残疾人士的障碍来源。研究得出结论，残疾人和身体健全的人之间更多的互动可以使他们对残疾生活的看法更加一致。然而，有证据表明两者之间的接触水平仍然相对较低。
