Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri-St. Louis.
Department of Counseling and Educational Psychology and Kinsey Institute, Indiana University.
J Sex Res. 2020 May-Jun;57(5):570-584. doi: 10.1080/00224499.2019.1671302. Epub 2019 Oct 8.
Unwanted sex is sex that is not fully desired, whether an individual agrees to it or not. It can be coerced-when one person compels another unwilling person-or not coerced-when a person willing agrees to participate. Experiencing unwanted sex, especially when coerced, has been associated with negative psychological outcomes. Researchers have created severity continua of coerced sex based on type of coercion used, but relative severity of outcomes across the range of unwanted sex has not been fully evaluated. This study aimed to identify types of coercion experienced in unwanted sex and evaluate differences in psychological outcomes as a function of type of coercion experienced. Participants (N = 276) provided narrative descriptions of an unwanted sexual experience. Three categories of coercive tactics and two categories of unwanted but non-coerced sex were identified. Differences across categories emerged for the following outcomes: PTSD symptoms, perpetrator blame, situational blame, societal blame, negative thoughts about the self, negative thoughts about the world. Individuals who experienced actively forced sex reported significantly more symptoms than individuals who experienced other types of unwanted sex on most measures. These results are a first step in better understanding the psychological influence of the entire range of unwanted sexual experiences.
非意愿性行为是指不完全愿意发生的性行为，无论个人是否同意。它可以是强迫的——当一个人强迫另一个不愿意的人时——也可以是非强迫的——当一个人愿意参与时。经历非意愿性行为，尤其是强迫性行为，与负面的心理后果有关。研究人员根据使用的强迫类型创建了强迫性性行为的严重程度连续体，但对整个非意愿性行为范围内的结果相对严重程度尚未进行充分评估。本研究旨在确定非意愿性行为中经历的强迫类型，并评估经历的强迫类型对心理结果的差异。参与者（N=276）提供了非意愿性性经历的叙述描述。确定了三种类型的强迫策略和两种类型的非强迫但非意愿的性行为。在以下结果方面，不同类别之间出现了差异：创伤后应激障碍症状、施害者指责、情境指责、社会指责、自我负面想法、对世界的负面想法。经历过主动强迫性性行为的个体在大多数测量指标上报告的症状明显多于经历过其他类型非意愿性行为的个体。这些结果是更好地理解整个非意愿性性经历的心理影响的第一步。
