Radner Wolfgang
Austrian Academy of Ophthalmology, Vienna, Austria.
Optom Vis Sci. 2019 Oct;96(10):768-779. doi: 10.1097/OPX.0000000000001436.
This review gives an overview of the current status of standardization by statistical evaluation of reading charts. First begun only 20 years ago, the statistical evaluation of reading charts now reflects an increasing clinical and scientific interest in standardized, comparable, and reproducible reading charts.For clinical or research purposes in human subjects, standardization of psychophysical tests and their test items by statistical evaluation is mandatory because it provides experimental control. Initial attempts at reading chart standardization were made by characterizing the test items, either in terms of a selection of unrelated words or in terms of sentences representing a constant number of characters, including spaces. As initiated by the RADNER Reading Charts, standardization of reading charts (and test items) by statistical evaluation has gained increasing clinical and scientific interest in the last two decades and has later also been applied to some of the other modern reading charts. A literature search was performed with respect to reading charts that (a) have been produced in accordance with the recommendations of the International Council of Ophthalmology (geometrical print size progression), (b) have been statistically analyzed, and/or (c) use clearly characterized test items (conceptually and statistically). These reading charts are as follows: the Bailey-Lovie Word Reading Charts, the Colenbrander Cards, the RADNER Reading Charts, the MNREAD Acuity Charts, the Smith-Kettlewell Reading Test (SKread Test), the C-Read Charts, and the Balsam Alabdulkader-Leat (BAL) Chart. The test items of these charts have been characterized either empirically or by statistical analysis and selection. The extent of the statistical evaluation of the reading charts varies. Despite their different methodological approaches, these reading charts represent an advancement that has made possible the useful comparison and reproducible evaluation of near visual performance.
本综述通过对阅读视力表的统计评估概述了标准化的现状。阅读视力表的统计评估始于20年前，如今反映出临床和科学界对标准化、可比较且可重复的阅读视力表的兴趣日益浓厚。对于人体受试者的临床或研究目的而言，通过统计评估对心理物理学测试及其测试项目进行标准化是必不可少的，因为它能提供实验控制。阅读视力表标准化的初步尝试是通过对测试项目进行特征描述来进行的，要么是选择不相关的单词，要么是用代表固定字符数（包括空格）的句子。正如拉德纳阅读视力表所开创的那样，在过去二十年中，通过统计评估对阅读视力表（和测试项目）进行标准化已引起越来越多的临床和科学关注，后来也被应用于其他一些现代阅读视力表。针对以下阅读视力表进行了文献检索：(a) 根据国际眼科理事会的建议制作的（几何印刷字体大小递进）；(b) 经过统计分析的；和/或(c) 使用特征明确的测试项目（概念上和统计上）。这些阅读视力表如下：贝利 - 洛维单词阅读视力表、科伦布兰德卡片、拉德纳阅读视力表、MNREAD视力表、史密斯 - 凯特尔韦尔阅读测试（SKread测试）、C - 阅读视力表以及香脂·阿卜杜勒卡迪尔 - 利特（BAL）视力表。这些视力表的测试项目已通过经验或统计分析与选择进行了特征描述。阅读视力表的统计评估程度各不相同。尽管它们的方法不同，但这些阅读视力表代表了一种进步，使得近视力表现的有效比较和可重复评估成为可能。
