Department of Veterinary Pharmacology, Graduate School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
PLoS One. 2019 Oct 9;14(10):e0222961. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0222961. eCollection 2019.
Gastric emptying (GE) can be either delayed or accelerated in diabetes mellitus (DM). However, most research has focused on delayed GE mediated by a chronic hyperglycemic condition in DM. As such, the function of GE in the early stages of DM is not well understood. Interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC) are pacemaker cells in the gastrointestinal tract. In the present study, we investigated changes in GE and ICC networks in the early stages of DM using a streptozotocin-induced type 1 diabetic mouse model. The changes in GE were measured by the 13C-octanoic acid breath test. ICC networks were immunohistochemically detected by an antibody for c-Kit, a specific marker for ICC. Our results showed that GE in type 1 DM was significantly accelerated in the early stages of DM (2-4 weeks after onset). In addition, acute normalization of blood glucose levels by a single administration of insulin did not recover normal GE. ICC networks of the gastric antrum were significantly increased in DM and were not affected by the acute normalization of blood glucose. In conclusion, our results suggest that GE is accelerated in the early stages of DM, and it is associated with increased ICC networks. This mechanism may help to clarify a link between the onset of DM and GE disorders.
胃排空（GE）在糖尿病（DM）中可以延迟或加速。然而，大多数研究都集中在 DM 慢性高血糖状态介导的延迟 GE 上。因此，DM 早期 GE 的功能尚不清楚。Cajal 间质细胞（ICC）是胃肠道的起搏细胞。在本研究中，我们使用链脲佐菌素诱导的 1 型糖尿病小鼠模型研究了 DM 早期 GE 和 ICC 网络的变化。GE 的变化通过 13C-辛酸呼气试验进行测量。ICC 网络通过特异性标记 ICC 的 c-Kit 抗体进行免疫组织化学检测。我们的结果表明，1 型 DM 的 GE 在 DM 的早期阶段（发病后 2-4 周）明显加速。此外，单次胰岛素给药急性使血糖水平正常化并不能恢复正常的 GE。DM 中胃窦 ICC 网络明显增加，血糖水平的急性正常化不受其影响。总之，我们的结果表明，DM 早期 GE 加速，与 ICC 网络增加有关。该机制可能有助于阐明 DM 发病与 GE 障碍之间的联系。
