Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Baghdad University, P.O. Box 47024, Aljadria, Baghdad, Iraq.
Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, P.O. Box: 2713, Doha, Qatar.
J Environ Manage. 2019 Dec 15;252:109617. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.109617. Epub 2019 Oct 10.
Pharmaceuticals are a wide class of emerging pollutants due to their continuous and the increasing consumption of users. These pollutants are usually found in the real environment as mixtures alone or with metal ions. Thus, the migration risk increases, which complicates the removal of pharmaceuticals because of the combined and synergistic effects. The focus of treatment of pharmaceutical mixtures and their coexistence with metals is of considerable importance. For this purpose, adsorption has been efficiently applied to several studies for the treatment of such complex systems. In this article, the coadsorption behavior of pharmaceuticals in the absence and existence of metals on several adsorbents has been reviewed. The adsorption isotherms and kinetics of these two systems have been analyzed using different models and discussed. Important challenges and promising routes are suggested for the future development of the coadsorption of the studied systems. This article provides an overview on the most utilized and effective adsorbents, widely studied adsorbates, best applied isotherm and kinetic models, and competitive effect in coadsorption of pharmaceuticals, both with and without metals.
由于用户的持续和不断增加的消耗，药品是一类广泛的新兴污染物。这些污染物通常单独或以混合物的形式存在于真实环境中，与金属离子共存。因此，迁移风险增加，这增加了去除药品的难度，因为存在联合和协同效应。处理药物混合物及其与金属共存的问题具有相当重要的意义。为此，吸附已被有效地应用于许多研究中，用于处理这些复杂的体系。本文综述了在几种吸附剂上存在和不存在金属时药物的共吸附行为。使用不同的模型分析了这两个体系的吸附等温线和动力学，并进行了讨论。对于研究体系的共吸附未来发展，提出了重要的挑战和有前途的途径。本文综述了最常用和最有效的吸附剂、广泛研究的吸附物、最佳应用的等温线和动力学模型，以及在有和没有金属存在的情况下药物共吸附的竞争效应。
