Emrich H M, Dose M, von Zerssen D
J Affect Disord. 1985 May-Jun;8(3):243-50. doi: 10.1016/0165-0327(85)90022-9.
During recent years alternatives to lithium prophylaxis have been developed using primary dipropylacetamide and, later on, sodium valproate, as a mono-therapy as well as in combination with low-dosage lithium treatment. It has been shown in a placebo-controlled ABA design that sodium valproate exerts an acute antimanic effect and a prophylactic action of sodium valproate has also been established. Carbamazepine represents another important contribution to the arsenal of drugs to be used as alternatives for the prophylactic treatment in patients not responding to lithium and/or experiencing too many side effects. The keto-derivative of carbamazepine, oxcarbazepine, has been shown to exert acute antimanic effects in a similar way to carbamazepine itself.
近年来，已开发出锂盐预防的替代方法，最初使用二丙基乙酰胺，后来使用丙戊酸钠，既可以作为单一疗法，也可以与低剂量锂盐治疗联合使用。在一项安慰剂对照的ABA设计中已表明，丙戊酸钠具有急性抗躁狂作用，并且其预防作用也已得到证实。卡马西平是药物库中的另一项重要贡献，可用于对锂盐无反应和/或出现过多副作用的患者的预防性治疗替代药物。卡马西平的酮衍生物奥卡西平已被证明与卡马西平本身一样具有急性抗躁狂作用。
