Morrell Rebecca, Sadanandom Ari
Department of Biosciences, Durham University, Durham, United Kingdom.
Front Plant Sci. 2019 Sep 18;10:1122. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2019.01122. eCollection 2019.
The SUMO system is a rapid dynamic post-translational mechanism employed by eukaryotic cells to respond to stress. Plant cells experience hyperSUMOylation of substrates in response to stresses such as heat, ethanol, and drought. Many SUMOylated proteins are located in the nucleus, SUMOylation altering many nuclear processes. The SUMO proteases play two key functions in the SUMO cycle by generating free SUMO; they have an important role in regulating the SUMO cycle, and by cleaving SUMO off SUMOylated proteins, they provide specificity to which proteins become SUMOylated. This review summarizes the broad literature of plant SUMO proteases describing their catalytic activity, domains and structure, evolution, localization, and response to stress and highlighting potential new areas of research in the future.
SUMO系统是真核细胞用来应对压力的一种快速动态的翻译后机制。植物细胞在受到热、乙醇和干旱等压力时，底物会发生超SUMO化。许多SUMO化蛋白位于细胞核中，SUMO化改变了许多核过程。SUMO蛋白酶在SUMO循环中发挥两个关键作用，即产生游离SUMO；它们在调节SUMO循环中起重要作用，并且通过从SUMO化蛋白上切割下SUMO，它们为哪些蛋白发生SUMO化提供了特异性。本综述总结了关于植物SUMO蛋白酶的广泛文献，描述了它们的催化活性、结构域和结构、进化、定位以及对压力的反应，并突出了未来潜在的新研究领域。
