Department of Health Promotion, Education and Behaviour, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA.
Stanford Prevention Research Center, Stanford University Medical School, Stanford, California.
Ethn Health. 2022 Feb;27(2):483-498. doi: 10.1080/13557858.2019.1682525. Epub 2019 Oct 21.
There have been a number of soul food restaurants serving exclusively vegan meals opening up across the country to appeal to African Americans and others interested in eating healthier soul foods. This study determined the number of restaurants serving vegan soul foods in the South and identified the locations of these restaurants in order to understand the characteristics of the surrounding communities that they serve. Two reviewers identified restaurants using standardized search criteria for menu items in the 16 states (and the District of Columbia) that are categorized as being in the South from the Census Bureau. Mean percentage of African Americans, poverty rates, and obesity rates by county where restaurants were located were collected via census data. Restaurants were classified as being in or out of a food desert zone using the United States Department of Agriculture's (USDA) food atlas map (0.5- and 1.0-mile radius). T-tests were conducted to test for differences in the census data between the restaurants that were considered to be in and out of a food desert zone. Overall, 45 restaurants met the inclusion criteria. Counties where restaurants were located had a mean African American population of 36.5 ± 18.5%, mean poverty rate of 15.5 ± 3.85% and mean obesity rate of 26.8 ± 4.8%. More than one third ( = 18, 40.0%) of the restaurants were considered to be in a food desert zone. There were no significant differences in the mean population, obesity, and poverty rates between restaurants classified in a food desert zone and restaurants not located in a food desert zone. A significant number of restaurants were classified in food desert zones, implying their potential to provide healthier meals by serving vegan soul foods to residents in the surrounding neighborhoods. Future work should assess how these restaurants might influence healthier eating habits in their communities.
全国各地出现了许多专门供应纯素餐的黑人传统美食餐厅，以吸引非裔美国人和其他对健康的黑人传统美食感兴趣的人。本研究旨在确定美国南部供应纯素版黑人传统美食的餐厅数量，并确定这些餐厅的位置，以了解它们所服务的周边社区的特征。两位评审员使用人口普查局分类为南部的 16 个州（以及哥伦比亚特区）的标准化菜单搜索标准来识别餐厅。通过人口普查数据收集了餐厅所在地各县的非裔美国人比例、贫困率和肥胖率。使用美国农业部（USDA）食品地图（0.5-和 1.0 英里半径）将餐厅归类为食品荒漠区内外。使用 T 检验比较被认为处于和未处于食品荒漠区的餐厅的人口普查数据差异。总体而言，有 45 家餐厅符合纳入标准。餐厅所在地各县的非裔美国人比例平均值为 36.5 ± 18.5%，贫困率平均值为 15.5 ± 3.85%，肥胖率平均值为 26.8 ± 4.8%。超过三分之一（ = 18，40.0%）的餐厅被认为处于食品荒漠区。处于食品荒漠区和未处于食品荒漠区的餐厅的人口、肥胖和贫困率平均值之间没有显著差异。相当数量的餐厅被归类为食品荒漠区，这意味着它们有潜力通过供应纯素版黑人传统美食为周边社区的居民提供更健康的餐食。未来的工作应该评估这些餐厅如何影响其社区的更健康饮食习惯。
