Clinical Child & Family Studies, Faculty of Behavioral and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit , Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, Leiden University Medical Center , Leiden, The Netherlands.
Attach Hum Dev. 2020 Dec;22(6):653-667. doi: 10.1080/14616734.2019.1680713. Epub 2019 Oct 24.
This longitudinal study examined whether prenatal family alliance and prenatal paternal testosterone levels predicted infant-mother and infant-father attachment security and whether this association was mediated by postnatal family alliance and postnatal paternal testosterone levels. In 105 couples expecting their first child, family alliance was assessed in the third trimester of pregnancy with the prenatal version of the Lausanne Trilogue Play (LTP). Family alliance was measured again 6 months postnatally, using the LTP. Fathers provided testosterone samples prenatally and at 6 months postnatally. Infant-parent attachment was assessed with the Attachment Q-Sort (AQS) at 24 months. Results indicated an increase in paternal testosterone levels from the pre- to the postnatal period. A more positive prenatal family alliance predicted higher infant-father attachment security at 24 months, but not infant-mother attachment security. The association between prenatal family alliance and attachment security was not mediated by postnatal family alliance or postnatal paternal testosterone levels. This study highlights the significance of prenatal family relations, and the need to consider in research and practice the divergent effects of prenatal family alliance patterns on the emerging infant-mother and infant-father attachment relationships. The underlying hormonal mechanisms during the transition to fatherhood are important targets for future research.
这项纵向研究考察了产前家庭联盟和产前父系睾丸激素水平是否预测了婴儿-母亲和婴儿-父亲的依恋安全性，以及这种关联是否通过产后家庭联盟和产后父系睾丸激素水平来介导。在 105 对期待他们第一个孩子的夫妇中，在妊娠的第三个三个月期使用产前版洛桑三回合游戏（LTP）评估家庭联盟。产后 6 个月再次使用 LTP 测量家庭联盟。父亲在产前和产后 6 个月提供睾丸激素样本。在 24 个月时使用依恋 Q 分类（AQS）评估婴儿-父母的依恋。结果表明，从产前到产后，父亲的睾丸激素水平有所增加。产前家庭联盟越积极，24 个月时婴儿-父亲的依恋安全性越高，但婴儿-母亲的依恋安全性则不然。产前家庭联盟与依恋安全性之间的关联不受产后家庭联盟或产后父系睾丸激素水平的介导。这项研究强调了产前家庭关系的重要性，并需要在研究和实践中考虑产前家庭联盟模式对正在形成的婴儿-母亲和婴儿-父亲依恋关系的不同影响。在向父亲身份转变期间的潜在激素机制是未来研究的重要目标。
