Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
Centre for Sport, Exercise, and Life Sciences, Coventry University, Coventry, United Kingdom.
J Trace Elem Med Biol. 2020 Jan;57:126417. doi: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2019.126417. Epub 2019 Oct 11.
To this day, empirical data suggests that zinc has important roles in matrix synthesis, bone turnover, and mineralization and its beneficial effects on bone could be mediated through different mechanisms. The influence of zinc on bone turnover could be facilitated via regulating RANKL/RANK/OPG pathway in bone tissue. Therefore, the aim of the study was to conduct a review to investigate the possible effect of the zinc mediated bone remodeling via RANKL/RANK/OPG pathway.
A comprehensive systematic search was performed in MEDLINE/PubMed, Cochrane Library, SCOPUS, and Google Scholar to explore the studies investigating the effect of zinc as a bone remodeling factor via RANKL/RANK/OPG pathway regulation. Subsequently, the details of the pathway and the impact of zinc supplements on RANKL/RANK/OPG pathway regulation were discussed.
The pathway could play an important role in bone remodeling and any imbalance between RANKL/RANK/OPG components could lead to extreme bone resorption. Although the outcomes of some studies are equivocal, it is evident that zinc possesses protective properties against bone loss by regulating the RANKL/RANK/OPG pathway. There are several experiments where zinc supplementation resulted in upregulation of OPG expression or decreases RANKL level. However, the results of some studies oppose this.
It is likely that sufficient zinc intake will elicit positive effects on bone health by RANKL/RANK/OPG regulation. Although the outcomes of a few studies are equivocal, it seems that zinc can exert the protective properties against bone loss by suppressing osteoclastogenesis via downregulation of RANKL/RANK. Additionally, there are several experiments where zinc supplementation resulted in upregulation of OPG expression. However, the results of limited studies oppose this. Therefore, aside from the positive role zinc possesses in preserving bone mass, further effects of zinc in RANKL/RANK/OPG system requires further animal/human studies.
时至今日，经验数据表明，锌在基质合成、骨转换和矿化中具有重要作用，其对骨骼的有益作用可能通过不同的机制介导。锌对骨转换的影响可以通过调节骨组织中的 RANKL/RANK/OPG 途径来实现。因此，本研究旨在进行综述，探讨通过 RANKL/RANK/OPG 途径调节锌介导的骨重塑的可能作用。
在 MEDLINE/PubMed、Cochrane 图书馆、SCOPUS 和 Google Scholar 中进行全面的系统搜索，以探索研究锌作为通过调节 RANKL/RANK/OPG 途径的骨重塑因子的作用的研究。随后，讨论了该途径的细节以及锌补充剂对 RANKL/RANK/OPG 途径调节的影响。
该途径在骨重塑中起着重要作用，RANKL/RANK/OPG 成分之间的任何不平衡都可能导致极端的骨吸收。尽管一些研究的结果存在争议，但锌通过调节 RANKL/RANK/OPG 途径具有防止骨质流失的保护特性是显而易见的。有几项实验表明，锌补充剂会导致 OPG 表达上调或 RANKL 水平降低。然而，一些研究的结果却与之相反。
足够的锌摄入可能会通过 RANKL/RANK/OPG 调节对骨骼健康产生积极影响。尽管一些研究的结果存在争议，但锌似乎可以通过抑制 RANKL/RANK 来抑制破骨细胞生成，从而发挥防止骨质流失的保护作用。此外，有几项实验表明，锌补充剂会导致 OPG 表达上调。然而，有限的研究结果却与之相反。因此，除了锌在保持骨量方面的积极作用外，锌在 RANKL/RANK/OPG 系统中的进一步作用还需要进一步的动物/人体研究。
