TUM School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany.
Haizhibao Deutschland GmbH, Freising, Germany.
Arch Anim Nutr. 2020 Feb;74(1):19-38. doi: 10.1080/1745039X.2019.1672479. Epub 2019 Oct 29.
Two trials were conducted with 48 newly weaned piglets (28 d old) each 8.6 ± 0.05 kg to study how plants () affect zootechnical performance, feed conversion and the apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of crude nutrients. All basal diets consisted of cereals, soybean meal, skim milk powder and premixes according to recommendations (no growth promoters or enzymes). For Trial 1, piglets from 16 litters (50% male-castrated, 50% female) were assigned to three treatment groups ( = 16) in a completely randomised block design. Groups received either 2.5% supplementation with sun dried (SD) or drum dried (DD) powder or 2.5% of diatomaceous earth (control). For Trial 2, piglets from 12 litters received either 5% of diatomaceous earth (control) or one of three mixtures of diatomaceous earth + DD powder (3.3%+1.7%, 1.7%+3.3% or 0.0%+5%; = 12). Data collection included zootechnical performance, faecal consistency, blood plasma urea (Trial 1 and 2) and ATTD (Trial 2). Metabolisable energy (ME) of DD and diets in Trial 2 was estimated using digestible nutrients. Statistical analysis included two-way ANOVA (treatment, block) and mixed linear regression. During both trials, at dosages ≥2.5% significantly reduced feed:gain ratio compared to control ( ≤ 0.0001, = 0.01 for Trial 1, Trial 2) irrespective of the drying method. ATTD from Trial 2 significantly increased digestibilities of dry matter (DM) and crude ash (CA) ( ≤ 0.01) and significantly decreased digestibilities of organic matter and crude fibre in animals fed ≥3.33% DD ( = 0.01). Fractional digestibility of the DD resulted in limited ME of ~9.3 ± 2.5 MJ/kg DM. Dietary conversion ratios of ME and digestible DM of DD diets from Trial 2 decreased linearly with increasing algal supplementation (R = 0.93, 0.94 and = 0.002, 0.002 for MCR, DCR). In conclusion, dried powder was included up to 5% into diets without impairing zootechnical performance. The improved feed conversion in the presence of was partly due to slightly higher ME within the algae diets compared to control. However, piglets receiving during Trial 2 needed significantly lower dietary ME and digestible DM to maintain growth performance. Thus, exerted a performance enhancing effect on weaned piglets. The precise mode-of-action is yet unclear.
两项试验共使用了 48 头刚断奶的仔猪（28 日龄），每个仔猪体重为 8.6 ± 0.05 公斤，旨在研究植物（）如何影响动物生产性能、饲料转化率和粗养分的表观全肠道消化率（ATTD）。所有基础日粮均根据建议（不添加生长促进剂或酶）由谷物、豆粕、脱脂奶粉和预混料组成。在试验 1 中，从 16 窝仔猪（50%去势公猪，50%母猪）中随机分配到三个处理组（每组 16 头），采用完全随机分组设计。三个处理组分别接受 2.5%的太阳晒干（SD）或鼓风干（DD）粉或 2.5%的硅藻土（对照）补充剂。在试验 2 中，从 12 窝仔猪中接受 5%的硅藻土（对照）或三种硅藻土+DD 粉混合物中的一种（3.3%+1.7%、1.7%+3.3%或 0.0%+5%；每组 12 头）。数据收集包括动物生产性能、粪便稠度、血浆尿素（试验 1 和 2）和 ATTD（试验 2）。使用可消化养分估计 DD 和试验 2 日粮的代谢能（ME）。统计分析包括双因素方差分析（处理、区组）和混合线性回归。在两个试验中，与对照相比，剂量≥2.5%的显著降低了饲料：增重比（≤0.0001，试验 1 和试验 2 的 = 0.01），而与干燥方法无关。试验 2 的 ATTD 显著提高了干物质（DM）和粗灰分（CA）的消化率（≤0.01），并显著降低了动物中有机物和粗纤维的消化率≥3.33%DD（=0.01）。DD 的部分消化率导致 DM 约 9.3±2.5 MJ/kg DM 的 ME 有限。试验 2 中 DD 日粮的代谢能和可消化 DM 的日粮转化率随藻类补充量的增加呈线性下降（R=0.93、0.94 和=0.002、0.002 用于 MCR、DCR）。总之，将干藻粉添加到日粮中，最高可达 5%，不会损害动物生产性能。在添加的情况下改善饲料转化率部分归因于藻类日粮中与对照相比略高的 ME。然而，在试验 2 中接受的仔猪需要显著降低日粮 ME 和可消化 DM 来维持生长性能。因此，对断奶仔猪具有增强性能的作用。其确切作用机制尚不清楚。
