Henningsson G, Isberg A
Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1988 Sep;94(3):253-61. doi: 10.1016/0889-5406(88)90035-2.
Velopharyngeal activity and tongue and tonsil movements were examined cineradiographically in the connected speech of 40 hypernasal children with craniofacial disorders--20 with small tonsils and 20 with large tonsils. The tonsils were defined as large when they obstructed two thirds or more of the pharyngeal space; they were considered small if the obstruction was one fourth or less of the pharyngeal space. In patients with small tonsils, consistent velopharyngeal activity was seen most of the time, regardless of the position of the back of the tongue during speech. An association between large tonsils and decreased velopharyngeal activity was found for speech sounds articulated in the back of the mouth. Therefore when examining velopharyngeal activity in hypernasal children, it is important that the speech material include syllables and words with speech sounds articulated in the back of the mouth.
通过X线电影摄影术，对40名患有颅面疾病的高鼻音儿童在连贯言语中的腭咽活动以及舌头和扁桃体运动进行了检查，其中20名儿童扁桃体较小，20名儿童扁桃体较大。当扁桃体阻塞三分之二或更多的咽腔空间时，被定义为大扁桃体；如果阻塞为咽腔空间的四分之一或更少，则被认为是小扁桃体。在扁桃体较小的患者中，无论说话时舌根的位置如何，大多数时候都能看到持续的腭咽活动。对于在口腔后部发出的语音，发现大扁桃体与腭咽活动减少之间存在关联。因此，在检查高鼻音儿童的腭咽活动时，言语材料中应包括在口腔后部发出语音的音节和单词，这一点很重要。
