Sports Injury and Corrective Exercises, Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran.
Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2020 Mar;30(3):429-441. doi: 10.1111/sms.13587. Epub 2019 Dec 2.
This study was aimed to compare the effects of 8-week conditioning training (CT) programs with and without feedback on lower limbs' biomechanics and injury incidence in free-injury male runners and assess their effectiveness across a 1-year observation. A total of 49 healthy male runners were randomly assigned to one of three groups of CT (n = 16), CT with feedback (n = 17), and placebo (n = 16) group. Kinematic and kinetic measurements were conducted at pre-intervention, 8 weeks post-intervention, and 1-year follow-up stage. Injury incidence was also measured at pre-intervention and follow-up stage. As a result, significant improvement was found in within-group differences in CT and CT with feedback groups. Moreover, significant difference in CT with feedback group was observed in the kinetic outcome improvement after 8 weeks as compared to CT group. On the other side, there were no significant differences between the CT and CT with feedback groups in kinematic outcomes. However, the percentage of changes in kinematic outcomes were higher in CT with feedback group than those in the CT group. No significant change was observed in the placebo group in all the variables. There was comparative between-group difference between CT with feedback group and the placebo one, favoring the former group. At 1-year follow-up, the injury incidence was reduced by 32% for CT group, 64.6% for CT with feedback group, and 15.5% for placebo. Thus, the CT with feedback was effective in improving biomechanics and reducing injury incidence. Improvements were generally maintained through 1 year, indicating potential for long-term changes. This study demonstrates the applicability of using feedback with CT to enhance safer movement patterns in runners and may subsequently help prevent or reduce injury risks.
本研究旨在比较 8 周训练（CT）方案与有无反馈对无损伤男性跑步者下肢生物力学和损伤发生率的影响，并评估其在 1 年观察期内的效果。共有 49 名健康男性跑步者被随机分配到 CT（n=16）、有反馈的 CT（n=17）和安慰剂（n=16）三组中的一组。在干预前、干预后 8 周和 1 年随访阶段进行运动学和动力学测量。在干预前和随访阶段还测量了损伤发生率。结果发现，CT 和 CT 加反馈组的组内差异在治疗后 8 周时均有显著改善。此外，与 CT 组相比，CT 加反馈组在动力学结果改善方面观察到 8 周后有显著差异。另一方面，CT 和 CT 加反馈组在运动学结果方面无显著差异。然而，CT 加反馈组的运动学结果变化百分比高于 CT 组。安慰剂组在所有变量中均无显著变化。CT 加反馈组与安慰剂组之间存在组间差异，前者更有利。在 1 年随访时，CT 组的损伤发生率降低了 32%，CT 加反馈组降低了 64.6%，安慰剂组降低了 15.5%。因此，CT 加反馈可有效改善生物力学和降低损伤发生率。改善情况通常可维持 1 年，表明有长期变化的潜力。本研究表明，在 CT 中使用反馈可增强跑步者更安全的运动模式，从而可能有助于预防或降低损伤风险。
