Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran.
Environ Monit Assess. 2019 Oct 29;191(11):689. doi: 10.1007/s10661-019-7894-1.
Macroinvertebrates are without spinal cord living organisms that spend their main phases of metamorphosis in water; so, changing the ecological structure of their communities represents environmental health condition. The main purpose of this study was to identify the macroinvertebrate families as a biological indicator and, consequently, determining the water ecological quality in the Ghezel Ozan River, NW Iran. The sampling was conducted at 18 stations in autumn 2017. At the same time, dissolved oxygen, temperature, turbidity, electrical conductivity, fecal and total coliform, BOD COD, phosphate, nitrate, nitrite, ammonia, chloride, and sulfate were measured based on APHA in each station. Then, based on the collected data, the NSFWQI, IRWQIsc, EQR, and BMWP/ASPT indices were calculated. In total, 1778 individual belong to 12 orders and 22 families were identified, which the most abundant order was Ephemeroptera by 47.8%. Except for the pH, COD, DO, and nitrogen compounds, other studied parameters were exceeded from their acceptable level. It seems that the geological characteristics are very effective in changing the parameters especially salinity. The best water quality was at Kharmaneh-Sar station (7), which runs from the protected area at high altitudes without human pressure. Also, the trend of water quality decreases from the upstream to downstream, which is completely in line with human activities. Therefore, the results of this study can well illustrate the role of land use and geology changes on the macroinvertebrate communities, which can be used to evaluate the ecological integrity of the river. Regular monitoring of river water quality and controlling and managing the quantity and quality of fish farms along the river can help in the ecological health of the river.
无脊椎动物是在水中度过其主要变态阶段的无脊椎生物；因此，改变其群落的生态结构代表了环境健康状况。本研究的主要目的是确定大型无脊椎动物科作为生物指标，并由此确定伊朗西北部盖泽尔奥赞河的水生态质量。采样于 2017 年秋季在 18 个站进行。同时，在每个站测量溶解氧、温度、浊度、电导率、粪大肠菌群和总大肠菌群、BOD COD、磷酸盐、硝酸盐、亚硝酸盐、氨、氯化物和硫酸盐，根据 APHA 进行。然后，根据收集的数据，计算了 NSFWQI、IRWQIsc、EQR 和 BMWP/ASPT 指数。共鉴定出 1778 个个体，属于 12 个目和 22 个科，其中最丰富的目是蜉蝣目，占 47.8%。除 pH 值、COD、DO 和氮化合物外，其他研究参数均超过可接受水平。地质特征似乎对改变参数，特别是盐度非常有效。水质最好的是位于无人类压力的高海拔保护区内的 Kharmaneh-Sar 站（7）。此外，水质从上游到下游呈下降趋势，这与人类活动完全一致。因此，本研究的结果可以很好地说明土地利用和地质变化对大型无脊椎动物群落的作用，可用于评估河流的生态完整性。定期监测河水水质，并控制和管理沿河流的鱼类养殖场的数量和质量，有助于河流的生态健康。
