Jung Wookyoung, Jang Kuk-In, Lee Seung-Hwan
Department of Psychology, Keimyung University, Daegu, Korea.
2Department of Biomedicine and Health Sciences, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Korea.
Clin Psychopharmacol Neurosci. 2019 Nov 20;17(4):459-474. doi: 10.9758/cpn.2019.17.4.459.
Heart rate variability (HRV) reflects beat-to-beat variability in the heart rate due to the dynamic interplay of the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems. HRV is considered an index of the functional status of the autonomic nervous system. A decrease in HRV is thus observed in individuals with autonomic dysfunction. Abnormal HRV has been reported in a range of mental disorders. In this review, we give an overview of HRV in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD), schizophrenia, and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), one of whose core symptoms is cognitive dysfunction. The association between HRV and cognitive function is highlighted in this review. This review consists of three main sections. In the first section, we examine how HRV in patients with MDD, schizophrenia, and PTSD is characterized, and how it is different when compared to that in healthy controls. In the second section, beyond the heart itself, we discuss the intimate connection between the heart and the brain, focusing on how HRV interacts with quantitative electroencephalography (qEEG) in the context of physiological changes in the sleep cycle. Lastly, we finish the review with the examination of the association between HRV and cognitive function. The overall findings indicate that the reduction in HRV is one of main manifestations in MDD, schizophrenia, and PTSD, and also more generally HRV is closely linked to the change in qEEG and also to individual differences in cognitive performance.
心率变异性（HRV）反映了由于交感神经系统和副交感神经系统的动态相互作用而导致的逐搏心率变异性。HRV被认为是自主神经系统功能状态的一个指标。因此，在自主神经功能障碍的个体中可观察到HRV降低。在一系列精神障碍中都报告了HRV异常。在本综述中，我们概述了重度抑郁症（MDD）、精神分裂症和创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）患者的HRV情况，其中PTSD的核心症状之一是认知功能障碍。本综述强调了HRV与认知功能之间的关联。本综述由三个主要部分组成。在第一部分中，我们研究了MDD、精神分裂症和PTSD患者的HRV特征，以及与健康对照相比有何不同。在第二部分中，除了心脏本身，我们讨论了心脏与大脑之间的密切联系，重点关注在睡眠周期的生理变化背景下HRV如何与定量脑电图（qEEG）相互作用。最后，我们通过研究HRV与认知功能之间的关联来完成本综述。总体研究结果表明，HRV降低是MDD、精神分裂症和PTSD的主要表现之一，更普遍地说，HRV与qEEG的变化以及认知表现的个体差异密切相关。
