J Agric Food Chem. 2019 Nov 27;67(47):13082-13092. doi: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b05383. Epub 2019 Nov 18.
Elevated circulating level of the intestinal microbiota-derived l-carnitine metabolite trimethylamine--oxide (TMAO) has recently been linked to many chronic diseases. The purpose of our study was to investigate the effects of omega-7-enriched seed oil (DISO) on reducing TMAO formation to prevent the l-carnitine-induced hepatic damage in mice. Feeding of mice with 3% l-carnitine in drinking water clearly increased the serum and urinary levels of TMAO ( < 0.05 vs Normal), whereas the serum and urinary TMAO formation was sharply reduced by DISO administration ( < 0.05). Meanwhile, DISO resulted in strong inhibition against the elevation of hepatic injury marker (AST, ALT, and ALP) activities and dyslipidemia (TC, TG, LDL-C, and HDL-C), as well as liver inflammatory cytokine (IL-1, IL-6, TNF-α, and TNF-β) release in l-carnitine-fed mice ( < 0.05). As revealed by 16S rDNA gene sequencing, DISO significantly inhibited the l-carnitine-induced elevations in the abundance of , , and and the increases in the proportion of and , revealing that DISO attenuated the l-carnitine-caused gut dysbiosis. These findings suggested that DISO could alleviate liver dysfunction in l-carnitine-fed mice, which might be due to the protection against TMAO formation by modulating the gut microbiota.
肠道微生物衍生的 l-肉碱代谢物三甲胺氧化物（TMAO）的循环水平升高与许多慢性疾病有关。我们的研究目的是研究富含 ω-7 的种子油（DISO）对降低 TMAO 形成的影响，以预防 l-肉碱诱导的小鼠肝损伤。在饮用水中添加 3%的 l-肉碱可明显增加血清和尿液中的 TMAO 水平（<0.05 与正常组相比），而 DISO 的给予则显著降低了血清和尿液中的 TMAO 形成（<0.05）。同时，DISO 还强烈抑制了 l-肉碱喂养小鼠肝损伤标志物（AST、ALT 和 ALP）活性和血脂异常（TC、TG、LDL-C 和 HDL-C）的升高，以及肝炎性细胞因子（IL-1、IL-6、TNF-α和 TNF-β）的释放（<0.05）。16S rDNA 基因测序结果显示，DISO 显著抑制了 l-肉碱诱导的 、 、 和 的丰度升高，以及 和 的比例增加，表明 DISO 减轻了 l-肉碱引起的肠道菌群失调。这些发现表明，DISO 可以缓解 l-肉碱喂养小鼠的肝功能障碍，这可能是通过调节肠道微生物群来防止 TMAO 形成。
