Legal Medicine and Toxicology, Department of Cardio-Thoraco-Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
Department of General Psychology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
Traffic Inj Prev. 2019;20(sup2):S185-S189. doi: 10.1080/15389588.2019.1659591. Epub 2019 Nov 1.
Driving under the influence (DUI) of alcohol recidivism may be a risk-taking behavior motivated by a change in decision-making capacity. Decision-making capacity has been investigated by event-related potentials (ERPs) acquisition and specifically by analyzing feedback-related negativity (FRN) reflecting the activity of medial prefrontal cortex. Thus, the aim of our study was to test the role of FRN as a possible neurophysiological marker of underestimation of risk associated with DUI recidivism to provide novel insights into the influence of neurocognitive aspects of driving ability. The research was structured as a case-control study. The total cohort (30 Italian male subjects) was divided into 2 groups, according to positive or negative history of DUI recidivism. The protocol included informed consent collection, medical history and clinical examination, ERP registration, and sensation-seeking scale administration. ERPs were acquired during a gambling task. The data were analyzed with 2 analysis of variance (ANOVA) repeated measures. Statistical analyses were conducted using R to test the participants' risk behaviors. A multivariate ANOVA was run to compare the personality traits of the groups. ANOVAs and planned comparisons were performed with StatSoft software. FRN amplitude analyses showed that the interaction Reward Magnitude × Valence (large vs. small × gains vs. losses) was significant for recidivists ((1,13) = 11.75, < .01) but not for controls ((1,14) = 0.04, = .84). The results of the logistic generalized linear models analysis showed that the 2 groups differed in risk-taking behavior ( = -3.65; < .001) with an average of 70 risky choices for recidivists and 63 for controls. Both groups were homogeneous for personality traits. The FRN and gambling task results suggest that DUI recidivists seemed attracted by the prospect of a large reward and appeared unable to recognize small losses read as wins These results, if confirmed in a larger sample, could indicate the usefulness of ERP analysis in clinical and forensic evaluation of DUI subjects.
酒后驾车（DUI）的复发可能是一种冒险行为，其动机是决策能力的变化。决策能力已通过事件相关电位（ERP）的获取进行了研究，特别是通过分析反映内侧前额叶皮质活动的反馈相关负性（FRN）进行了研究。因此，我们的研究目的是测试 FRN 作为与 DUI 复发相关的风险低估的可能神经生理标志物的作用，为驾驶能力的神经认知方面的影响提供新的见解。该研究采用病例对照研究设计。根据 DUI 复发的阳性或阴性病史，将总队列（30 名意大利男性受试者）分为 2 组。该方案包括收集知情同意书、病史和临床检查、ERP 登记和寻求刺激量表管理。在赌博任务中获取 ERP。使用 R 分析数据以测试参与者的风险行为。进行了 2 次重复测量方差分析（ANOVA）。使用 StatSoft 软件对组间的人格特质进行了多变量方差分析和计划比较。
FRN 幅度分析表明，对于复发性酗酒者（（1,13）= 11.75， <.01），奖励幅度×效价（大 vs. 小×收益 vs. 损失）的交互作用显著，但对于对照组（（1,14）= 0.04， =.84）则不显著。逻辑广义线性模型分析的结果表明，2 组在冒险行为上存在差异（ = -3.65； <.001），复发性酗酒者有 70 次冒险选择，而对照组有 63 次。两组在人格特质上均具有同质性。FRN 和赌博任务的结果表明，DUI 复发性酗酒者似乎被大奖励的前景所吸引，并且似乎无法识别作为胜利的小损失。如果在更大的样本中得到证实，这些结果可能表明 ERP 分析在 DUI 受试者的临床和法医评估中的有用性。
