Laboratory of Physical Sciences, Center for Science and Technology, North Fluminense State University, Campos dos Goytacazes, Brazil.
Chemistry and Technology Laboratory, Higher Institutes of Education CENSA-ISECENSA, Campos dos Goytacazes, Brazil.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2019 Dec;26(34):35082-35093. doi: 10.1007/s11356-019-06613-w. Epub 2019 Nov 1.
The replacement of fossil-based fuels by renewable fuels (biofuels) was proposed in the IPCC report, as an alternative to reduce greenhouse gas emission and reach out to a low-carbon economy. On this perspective, the Brazilian government had implemented a renewable energy program based on the use of ethanol in the transport sector. This work evaluates the scenario of pollutant gas emissions and particulate material that comes from the biomass burning process involved in ethanol production cycle, in the city of Campos dos Goytacazes, Brazil. The gases and particulate material emitted by sugarcane and bagasse burning processes-the last one in energy co-generation mills-were analyzed. A laboratory-controlled burning of both samples was realized in an oven with temperature ramp from 250 to 400 °C, at a regular rate of 50 °C. The gas samples were collected directly from the oven's exhaust pipe. The particulates obtained were the residual material taken out of the burned samples: a powder with the aspect of soot. A photoacoustic spectroscopy system coupled with quantum cascade laser and electrochemical analyzers was used to measure the emission of polluting gases such as NO, CO, CO, NO (NO, NO), and SO in ppmv range. Fluorescent X-ray spectrometry was applied to evaluate the chemical composition of particulate material, enabling the identification of elements such as Si, Al, Ca, K, Fe, S, P, Ti, Mn, Cu, Zn, Sc, V, Cu, and Sr.
可再生燃料（生物燃料）替代化石燃料的方案在 IPCC 报告中被提出，作为减少温室气体排放和实现低碳经济的一种替代方案。从这个角度来看，巴西政府已经实施了一项基于在交通部门使用乙醇的可再生能源计划。本工作评估了巴西坎波斯杜斯戈伊塔斯市生物乙醇生产过程中生物质燃烧产生的污染物气体排放和颗粒物情况。分析了甘蔗和甘蔗渣燃烧过程中排放的气体和颗粒物，后者是在能源联产厂中燃烧的。在温度从 250 摄氏度到 400 摄氏度以 50 摄氏度/分钟的速率升温的烘箱中进行了实验室控制燃烧，对这两种样品进行了燃烧。从烘箱的排气管直接采集了气体样品。从燃烧样品中取出的残余物即为获得的颗粒物：一种类似烟尘的粉末。采用光声光谱系统结合量子级联激光和电化学分析仪测量了 ppmv 范围内的污染气体（如 NO、CO、CO、NO（NO、NO）和 SO）的排放。荧光 X 射线光谱法用于评估颗粒物的化学成分，能够识别 Si、Al、Ca、K、Fe、S、P、Ti、Mn、Cu、Zn、Sc、V、Cu 和 Sr 等元素。
