Jansen Travis, Weersink Alfons, von Massow Michael, Poljak Zvonomir
Department of Food, Agricultural and Resource Economics, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada.
Department of Population Medicine, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada.
Front Vet Sci. 2019 Oct 18;6:364. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2019.00364. eCollection 2019.
Increasing awareness of antibiotic resistance has correspondingly increased efforts to identify and reduce the causal behaviors that led to this severe public health threat. The consequences of these efforts are regulatory and market pressures limiting antibiotic use by livestock farmers which may lead to significant financial and welfare challenges on the farm, even if antibiotics can be substituted by vaccines. The purpose of this study is to measure the relative cost-effectiveness of antibiotics vs. vaccines for controlling on a Canadian farrow-to-finish pig farm. This is done by modeling the production and economic impact of different antibiotics and vaccines available for managing this disease, listed in the Canadian Compendium of Veterinary Products. The economic impacts (in Canadian dollars) of the disease are estimated and the net benefits of alternative prevention and treatment options are compared to determine the relative cost-effectiveness of each strategy. Of the 12 options analyzed, four were preventative (antibiotic and vaccine) and eight were antibiotic treatments. Prophylactic chlortetracycline (an antibiotic) is the most cost-effective option for managing , while Porcilis Ileitis (a vaccine) is the least cost-effective strategy. This result remains robust considering sensitivity analysis of the production parameters, which indicates that preventative antibiotics are more cost-effective than vaccines. This implies that banning preventative antibiotic treatments harms the bottom line of farmers under current market conditions.
对抗生素耐药性的认识不断提高，相应地加大了力度来识别和减少导致这一严重公共卫生威胁的相关行为。这些努力的结果是监管和市场压力限制了家畜养殖户使用抗生素，这可能给养殖场带来重大的财务和福利挑战，即便抗生素可以被疫苗替代。本研究的目的是衡量在加拿大一个从产仔到育肥的养猪场中，抗生素与疫苗在控制[疾病名称未给出]方面的相对成本效益。这是通过对加拿大兽药产品手册中列出的用于管理该疾病的不同抗生素和疫苗的生产及经济影响进行建模来完成的。估计该疾病的经济影响（以加元计），并比较替代预防和治疗方案的净效益，以确定每种策略的相对成本效益。在分析的12种方案中，4种是预防性的（抗生素和疫苗），8种是抗生素治疗方案。预防性使用金霉素（一种抗生素）是管理[疾病名称未给出]最具成本效益的选择，而猪传染性肠炎疫苗（一种疫苗）是成本效益最低的策略。考虑到生产参数的敏感性分析，这一结果仍然可靠，该分析表明预防性抗生素比疫苗更具成本效益。这意味着在当前市场条件下，禁止预防性抗生素治疗会损害养殖户的利润。
