Institute of Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of National Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China.
Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China.
Chemosphere. 2020 Feb;241:125127. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.125127. Epub 2019 Oct 17.
Atmospheric particulate matter (PM) is associated with the morbidity and mortality of cardiovascular diseases. However, whether PM penetrates into the cells and the potential mechanisms are unknown. Hence, the study firstly indicated that PM could penetrate into the HUVEC cells, and phagocytosis, micropinocytosis, caveolin as well as clathrin mediated the internalization of PM into HUVEC cells. Particularly, the components of PM-Metal, PAHs and WSC could enter into HUVEC cells mainly via the micropinocytosis, clathrin and caveolin mediated endocytosis, respectively. The current data of environmental assessments indicated that PM-Metal were extremely harmful to the ecological environment and human health. Moreover, accompanying with mitochondrial fusion gene Mfn1 was increased and fission genes Opa1 and Drp1 were decreased, and the lysosome related genes LAMP2 and LAMP3 were decreased, the phenomenon that the morphology of mitochondrial and lysosome injured was observed in HUVEC cells treated with PM and/or PM-Metal. These data suggest that PM and its main components depend on different endocytosis penetrate into HUVEC cells and cause the mitochondrial and lysosomal damages. Thereby, our study provides the potential mechanism of haze particles penetration into HUVEC cells and damage to organelles.
大气颗粒物（PM）与心血管疾病的发病率和死亡率有关。然而，PM 是否穿透细胞以及潜在的机制尚不清楚。因此，本研究首先表明 PM 可以穿透 HUVEC 细胞，吞噬作用、微胞饮作用、小窝蛋白和网格蛋白介导 PM 进入 HUVEC 细胞的内化。特别是，PM-金属、多环芳烃和 WSC 的成分主要通过微胞饮作用、网格蛋白和小窝蛋白介导的内吞作用分别进入 HUVEC 细胞。目前的环境评估数据表明，PM-金属对生态环境和人类健康极其有害。此外，伴随着线粒体融合基因 Mfn1 增加和分裂基因 Opa1 和 Drp1 减少，以及溶酶体相关基因 LAMP2 和 LAMP3 减少，在 PM 和/或 PM-金属处理的 HUVEC 细胞中观察到线粒体和溶酶体损伤的形态。这些数据表明，PM 及其主要成分依赖于不同的内吞作用穿透 HUVEC 细胞，并导致线粒体和溶酶体损伤。因此，我们的研究为霾颗粒穿透 HUVEC 细胞并损伤细胞器提供了潜在的机制。
