Onodera Akira, Shimomura Takuya, Ochi Hirohisa, Sunada Ryuto, Fukutomi Eiko, Hidaka Koushi, Kawai Yuichi
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kobe Gakuin University, 1-1-3 Minatojima, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-8586, Japan.
Research Facility Center for Science and Technology, Kobe University, 1-1, Rokkodai-cho, Nada-ku, Kobe 657-8501, Japan.
J Xenobiot. 2023 Nov 1;13(4):653-661. doi: 10.3390/jox13040042.
Many people are exposed every day to vehicle exhaust particulates (VEPs), which are thought to be taken up by epithelial cells that are the first barrier in our biological defense. The study aim was to investigate how VEPs are processed in the lysosomal degradation system. BEAS-2B airway epithelial cells easily ingest VEPs and have been shown to accumulate in cells for several days, but no elevated cytotoxicity was observed over that time period. An analysis of 3D images confirmed the presence of VEPs in or near lysosomes, and an accumulation of VEPs resulted in an increase in the normal acidic pH in lysosomes and the extracellular release of the lysosomal enzyme β-hexosaminidase. Epithelial cells were thought to activate the lysosome-mediated secretion of extracellular vesicles to avoid damage caused by non-degradable foreign substances, such as VEPs, and as a side reaction, the acidic pH environment of the lysosomes could not be maintained.
许多人每天都会接触到车辆尾气颗粒物（VEPs），这些颗粒物被认为会被上皮细胞摄取，而上皮细胞是我们生物防御的第一道屏障。该研究的目的是调查VEPs在溶酶体降解系统中是如何被处理的。BEAS-2B气道上皮细胞很容易摄取VEPs，并且已被证明会在细胞中积累数天，但在那段时间内未观察到细胞毒性升高。对三维图像的分析证实了溶酶体中或其附近存在VEPs，VEPs的积累导致溶酶体中正常酸性pH值升高以及溶酶体酶β-己糖胺酶的细胞外释放。上皮细胞被认为会激活溶酶体介导的细胞外囊泡分泌，以避免由不可降解的外来物质（如VEPs）造成的损害，而作为一种副反应，溶酶体的酸性pH环境无法维持。
