Department of Social Science, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Aichi 474-8511, Japan.
Department of Public Health, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Aichi 467-8601, Japan.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019 Oct 31;16(21):4228. doi: 10.3390/ijerph16214228.
There is evidence that social relationships may modify cognitive decline in older people. We examined the prospective association between social support and cognitive function among community-dwelling older people. Japanese adults recruited at health checkups in suburban towns were surveyed at baseline and one-year follow-up. Cognitive function was assessed using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment, Japanese version (MoCA-J). Social support from coresiding family, non-coresiding family, and neighbors/friends was assessed using self-administered questionnaires. Multivariable linear regression analysis was conducted to examine the effects of social support on MoCA-J scores at follow-up. Data were analyzed from 121 older people (mean age (standard deviation): 73.86 (4.95) years). There was a positive association between social support exchanges with neighbors and friends and MoCA-J scores at follow-up after covariate adjustment (unstandardized β = 1.23, = 0.006). Social support exchanges with coresiding family and non-coresiding family and relatives were not associated with MoCA-J scores at follow-up (coresiding family: Unstandardized β = 0.28, = 0.813, non-coresiding family and relatives: Unstandardized β = 0.51, = 0.238). The provision of emotional support to neighbors and friends had the largest effect on MoCA-J scores. Our findings suggest that social support exchanges with neighbors and friends are protective against cognitive decline.
有证据表明，社会关系可能会改变老年人的认知能力下降。我们研究了社区居住的老年人的社会支持与认知功能之间的前瞻性关联。在郊区城镇的健康检查中招募的日本成年人在基线和一年随访时接受了调查。使用蒙特利尔认知评估，日本版（MoCA-J）评估认知功能。使用自我管理问卷评估与同住家庭、非同住家庭和邻居/朋友的社会支持。进行多变量线性回归分析，以检验社会支持对随访时 MoCA-J 评分的影响。对 121 名老年人（平均年龄（标准差）：73.86（4.95）岁）进行了数据分析。在调整协变量后，与邻居和朋友的社会支持交流与 MoCA-J 评分呈正相关（未标准化β=1.23，=0.006）。与同住家庭和非同住家庭和亲属的社会支持交流与随访时的 MoCA-J 评分无关（同住家庭：未标准化β=0.28，=0.813，非同住家庭和亲属：未标准化β=0.51，=0.238）。向邻居和朋友提供情感支持对 MoCA-J 评分的影响最大。我们的研究结果表明，与邻居和朋友的社会支持交流可以预防认知能力下降。
