Adera Haylemariam, Hailu Workagegnehu, Adane Aynishet, Tadesse Abilo
Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gonder, Ethiopia.
Int J Nephrol Renovasc Dis. 2019 Oct 15;12:219-228. doi: 10.2147/IJNRD.S216010. eCollection 2019.
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a global public health problem associated with progressive decline in kidney function and adverse cardiovascular outcome. Anemia of CKD has substantial adverse outcomes in CKD patients. There is paucity of published data on prevalence of anemia and its associated factors among CKD patients in Northwest Ethiopia.
This study aimed to determine the prevalence of anemia and its associated factors among CKD patients at the University of Gondar hospital, Northwest Ethiopia.
A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted from May 1, to September 30, 2018. Consecutive sampling was used to recruit 251 study subjects. Patients were interviewed to obtain demographic data, and the patients' medical records were reviewed to obtain information on relevant medical history and laboratory parameters. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 20. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to identify independently associated factors of anemia among CKD patients. -value <0.05 was used to declare association.
The overall prevalence of anemia in CKD patients was high (64.5%), and the magnitude worsened as kidney function declined. Hypertension (45%), chronic glomerulonephritis (24%) and diabetes (20%) were common causes of CKD. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed rural residence (AOR= 2.75, 95%CI: 1.34-5.65, =0.006), BMI <18.5 kg/m (AOR=6.78, 95%CI: 1.32-34.73, =0.022) and BMI of 18.5-24.9 kg/m (AOR=5.04, 95%CI: 1.26-20.10, =0.022), and having hemodialysis history (AOR=3.59, 95%CI: 1.24-10.38, =0.018) were independently associated with anemia among CKD patients.
Periodic screening and intervention programs for anemia of CKD should be practiced to change the existing situation in the setting.
慢性肾脏病（CKD）是一个全球性的公共卫生问题，与肾功能的逐渐下降和不良心血管结局相关。CKD贫血在CKD患者中具有严重的不良后果。关于埃塞俄比亚西北部CKD患者贫血患病率及其相关因素的已发表数据较少。
本研究旨在确定埃塞俄比亚西北部贡德尔大学医院CKD患者中贫血的患病率及其相关因素。
于2018年5月1日至9月30日进行了一项基于医院的横断面研究。采用连续抽样方法招募了251名研究对象。对患者进行访谈以获取人口统计学数据，并查阅患者的病历以获取有关相关病史和实验室参数的信息。使用SPSS 20版软件进行数据分析。采用二元和多元逻辑回归分析来确定CKD患者中贫血的独立相关因素。P值<0.05用于判定存在关联。
CKD患者中贫血的总体患病率较高（64.5%），且随着肾功能下降患病率升高。高血压（45%）、慢性肾小球肾炎（24%）和糖尿病（20%）是CKD的常见病因。多元逻辑回归分析显示，农村居民（比值比[AOR]=2.75，95%置信区间[CI]：1.34 - 5.65，P = 0.006）、体重指数（BMI）<18.5 kg/m²（AOR = 6.78，95%CI：1.32 - 34.73，P = 0.022）以及BMI为18.5 - 24.9 kg/m²（AOR = 5.04，95%CI：1.26 - 20.10，P = 0.022），以及有血液透析史（AOR = 3.59，95%CI：1.24 - 10.38，P = 0.018）与CKD患者贫血独立相关。
应实施针对CKD贫血的定期筛查和干预项目，以改变该地区的现状。
