Chiwanga Fredrick E, Mkiramweni Nickson P
Department of Language Studies, Sokoine University of Agriculture, Tanzania.
Department of Tourism and Recreation, Sokoine University of Agriculture, Tanzania.
Heliyon. 2019 Oct 23;5(10):e02525. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e02525. eCollection 2019 Oct.
This paper presents ethno-ornithology, the study of birds in a society, in relation to onomastics, the study of proper names. The study was conducted in villages of Mbisso and Motukeri in Serengeti district, Tanzania aiming to find out how the Natta community name and classify birds in their language and to identify anthroponyms and toponyms derived from names of birds. Purposive sampling was used to select 64 respondents who participated in focus group discussions, birding and interview. Data were analysed thematically with the aid of tables. The particular ethno-ornithological data depict two avifauna naming systems from which Natta proper nouns were derived after the removal of prefixes of avifauna names. Male avifauna anthroponyms (50%) were found with positive connotations; female counterparts (20%) denoted negative meanings, whereas avifauna toponyms (30%) signified abundance of the respective birds. This paper is of particular interest and value, given the widespread concern at the global loss of natural history knowledge in local communities, in both traditional and post-industrialised societies. It thus makes the world aware of the anthroponyms and toponyms, encourages conservation efforts for tourism, and provokes more ethno-ornithological studies in relation to names of people and places in other ethnic groups.
本文介绍了民族鸟类学,即研究社会中鸟类与专名学(研究专有名称)的关系。该研究在坦桑尼亚塞伦盖蒂区的姆比索村和莫图凯里村开展,旨在了解纳塔社区如何用他们的语言给鸟类命名和分类,以及识别源自鸟类名称的人名和地名。采用目的抽样法选取了64名受访者,他们参与了焦点小组讨论、观鸟活动和访谈。借助表格对数据进行了主题分析。具体的民族鸟类学数据描绘了两种鸟类命名系统,去除鸟类名称的前缀后从中衍生出纳塔专有名词。发现雄性鸟类人名(50%)具有积极含义;雌性对应词(20%)表示消极意义,而鸟类地名(30%)表示相应鸟类数量众多。鉴于传统社会和后工业化社会中全球范围内对当地社区自然历史知识流失的广泛关注,本文具有特别的趣味性和价值。因此,它让世界了解了人名和地名,鼓励为旅游业开展保护工作,并激发了更多关于其他族群中人名和地名的民族鸟类学研究。