Amare Desalegne, Mela Masresha, Dessie Getenet
Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bahir Dar University, 79, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.
Felege Hiwot Referral Hospital, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.
Heliyon. 2019 Sep 27;5(9):e02519. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e02519. eCollection 2019 Sep.
Neonatal sepsis is the major cause of mortality and morbidity globally, particularly in developing countries. Despite studies revealed the extent of neonatal sepsis in developing countries, the findings were inconclusive. Therefore, the main aim of this study was to determine the pooled prevalence of neonatal sepsis in developing countries.
We used a systematic review and Meta-analysis study method. The reviewed studies were accessed through an electronic web-based search strategy from the electronic database (PUBMED), advanced google scholar, different journal sites. The data extraction was done by two researchers using a data extraction table and the disparity between data extractors was resolved by the third researcher. The analysis was done using STATA version 11. The I2 test was used to assess heterogeneity across studies. The Funnel plot, Begg's test, and Egger's test were used to check for publication bias. The random-effect model was used to determine the pooled effect size. All studies related to neonatal sepsis which fulfill the inclusion criteria were considered into this study. The quality of each study was checked using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale and studies graded low score were excluded from the study.
At the end, 36 articles fit with our study objectives. Studies conducted in Ethiopia were significant the source of heterogeneity of the study with a coefficient = 90, P-value = 0.025. The overall pooled prevalence of the study was 29.92%. The limitations of this study would be the authors were only used articles reported in the English language, and publication bias.
The pooled prevalence of neonatal sepsis was found to be high which accounted for a third of the neonates. Despite countries have established possible prevention and treatment mechanisms, neonatal sepsis is the major public health problem in lower and middle-income countries till now.
新生儿败血症是全球尤其是发展中国家新生儿死亡和发病的主要原因。尽管有研究揭示了发展中国家新生儿败血症的程度，但结果尚无定论。因此，本研究的主要目的是确定发展中国家新生儿败血症的合并患病率。
我们采用系统评价和荟萃分析的研究方法。通过基于网络的电子搜索策略，从电子数据库（PUBMED）、高级谷歌学术搜索以及不同的期刊网站获取相关研究。由两名研究人员使用数据提取表进行数据提取，数据提取者之间的差异由第三名研究人员解决。使用STATA 11版本进行分析。I²检验用于评估各研究间的异质性。漏斗图、Begg检验和Egger检验用于检查发表偏倚。采用随机效应模型确定合并效应量。所有符合纳入标准的与新生儿败血症相关的研究均纳入本研究。使用纽卡斯尔-渥太华量表检查每项研究的质量，得分低的研究被排除在本研究之外。
最终，有36篇文章符合我们的研究目标。在埃塞俄比亚进行的研究是该研究异质性的重要来源，系数=90，P值=0.025。该研究的总体合并患病率为29.92%。本研究的局限性在于作者仅使用了英文报道的文章以及存在发表偏倚。
发现新生儿败血症的合并患病率很高，占新生儿的三分之一。尽管各国已建立了可能的预防和治疗机制，但迄今为止，新生儿败血症仍是低收入和中等收入国家的主要公共卫生问题。
