Bao Lijun, Cai Wenyang, Zhang Xiaofen, Liu Jinhong, Chen Hao, Wei Yuansong, Jia Xiuxiu, Bai Zhihui
Research Center for Eco-Environment Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100049, China.
Microorganisms. 2019 Nov 4;7(11):525. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms7110525.
The surfaces of a leaf are unique and wide habitats for a microbial community. These microorganisms play a key role in plant growth and adaptation to adverse conditions, such as producing growth factors to promote plant growth and inhibiting pathogens to protect host plants. The composition of microbial communities very greatly amongst different plant species, yet there is little data on the composition of the microbiome of the host plants on the coral island in the South China Sea. In this study, we investigated the abundances and members of a major microbial community (fungi, bacteria, and diazotrophs) on the leaves of five dominant plant species (, , , , and ) on the island using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and high-throughput amplicon sequencing. Quantitative PCR results showed that fungi and bacteria were ubiquitous and variable among different host plants. showed the lowest absolute abundance and highest diversity of fungi and bacteria, while had the lowest abundance and the highest diversity of diazotrophs compare to the other four plants. There was a small proportion of shared microorganisms among the five different plants, while unique fungi, bacteria and diazotrophs were significantly enriched for different host plant species in this study ( < 0.05). Some of the most abundant organisms found in the communities of these different host plants are involved in important biogeochemical cycles that can benefit their host, including carbon and nitrogen cycles.
叶片表面是微生物群落独特且广阔的栖息地。这些微生物在植物生长以及适应逆境中发挥关键作用，比如产生促进植物生长的生长因子并抑制病原体以保护寄主植物。不同植物物种间微生物群落的组成差异极大，然而关于中国南海珊瑚岛上寄主植物微生物组组成的数据却很少。在本研究中，我们使用实时定量聚合酶链反应（PCR）和高通量扩增子测序，调查了该岛上五种优势植物物种（、、、、和）叶片上主要微生物群落（真菌、细菌和固氮菌）的丰度和成员。定量PCR结果表明，真菌和细菌在不同寄主植物中普遍存在且具有变异性。与其他四种植物相比，显示出真菌和细菌的绝对丰度最低但多样性最高，而固氮菌的丰度最低但多样性最高。这五种不同植物间存在一小部分共享微生物，而在本研究中，独特的真菌、细菌和固氮菌在不同寄主植物物种中显著富集（<0.05）。在这些不同寄主植物群落中发现的一些最丰富的生物参与了重要的生物地球化学循环，这些循环能够使其寄主受益，包括碳循环和氮循环。
