Hilditch Cassie J, McHill Andrew W
Fatigue Countermeasures Laboratory, San Jose State University Research Foundation, Moffett Field, San Jose, CA 94035, USA.
Oregon Institute of Occupational Health Sciences, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA.
Nat Sci Sleep. 2019 Aug 22;11:155-165. doi: 10.2147/NSS.S188911. eCollection 2019.
Sleep inertia, or the grogginess felt upon awakening, is associated with significant cognitive performance decrements that dissipate as time awake increases. This impairment in cognitive performance has been observed in both tightly controlled in-laboratory studies and in real-world scenarios. Further, these decrements in performance are exaggerated by prior sleep loss and the time of day in which a person awakens. This review will examine current insights into the causes of sleep inertia, factors that may positively or negatively influence the degree of sleep inertia, the consequences of sleep inertia both in the laboratory and in real-world settings, and lastly discuss potential countermeasures to lessen the impact of sleep inertia.
睡眠惯性，即醒来时感到的昏沉感，与显著的认知能力下降有关，这种下降会随着清醒时间的增加而消散。在严格控制的实验室研究和现实场景中均观察到了这种认知能力的损害。此外，先前的睡眠不足以及一个人醒来的时间会加剧这种能力下降。本综述将探讨当前对睡眠惯性成因的见解、可能对睡眠惯性程度产生正面或负面影响的因素、睡眠惯性在实验室和现实环境中的后果，最后讨论减轻睡眠惯性影响的潜在对策。
