Liu Xin, Wei Xiaochong, Zhang Longxin
School of Public Administration and Policy, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China.
Behav Sci (Basel). 2025 Jun 3;15(6):770. doi: 10.3390/bs15060770.
Sleep behaviors, particularly midday rest periods, represent an often overlooked yet potentially significant factor in workplace attitudes and experiences. Despite their common practice in many cultures, the relationship between these restorative breaks and employees' evaluations of their work environment remains underexplored in organizational research. This study investigates this relationship using longitudinal data from the China Family Panel Studies (CFPS), applying the work, non-work, and sleep framework (WNSF) as our theoretical foundation. Through a quasi-natural experimental approach, we discovered that midday rest periods positively influence workplace evaluations, but in a nuanced manner. Our findings reveal a pronounced inverted U-shaped relationship, suggesting that both insufficient and excessive duration of these breaks might diminish their benefits, while optimal duration maximizes positive outcomes. We strengthened these conclusions through rigorous methodological approaches including instrumental variable techniques, sensitivity analysis, treatment effect models, and matching models. The consistency of results across multiple analytical approaches corroborates our findings. This research both validates and extends the WNSF, highlighting the importance of strategic rest periods in organizational settings and offering practical insights for workplace policy development that can benefit both individuals and organizations in contemporary work environments.
睡眠行为，尤其是午间休息时间，是工作场所态度和体验中一个常被忽视但可能很重要的因素。尽管在许多文化中这很常见，但在组织研究中，这些恢复性休息与员工对工作环境的评价之间的关系仍未得到充分探索。本研究利用中国家庭追踪调查（CFPS）的纵向数据，以工作、非工作和睡眠框架（WNSF）作为理论基础，对这种关系进行了调查。通过准自然实验方法，我们发现午间休息时间对工作场所评价有积极影响，但方式较为微妙。我们的研究结果揭示了一种明显的倒U形关系，表明休息时间不足或过长都可能减少其益处，而最佳时长能使积极结果最大化。我们通过严格的方法，包括工具变量技术、敏感性分析、处理效应模型和匹配模型，强化了这些结论。多种分析方法结果的一致性证实了我们的发现。本研究既验证并扩展了WNSF，强调了组织环境中策略性休息时间的重要性，也为工作场所政策制定提供了实用见解，这对当代工作环境中的个人和组织都有益处。
