Department of Psychology, Faculty of Science, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK.
Department of Criminal Law and Criminology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands.
Memory. 2020 Jan;28(1):94-106. doi: 10.1080/09658211.2019.1688835. Epub 2019 Nov 7.
Using a mock witness methodology, we investigated the predictive value of metamemory measures and objective memory tests as indicators of eyewitness free recall performance. Participants ( = 208) first completed a metamemory assessment that included assessments of self-rated memory capacity, memory development and use of strategies. In a separate session, participants watched a mock-crime video and provided a free recall account, followed by one out of four independent memory tests (i.e., free recall, cued recall, face recognition and general knowledge). Accuracy, amount of details reported, confidence and over/underconfidence in the eyewitness free recall were the main dependent variables. Results indicated three main findings: (1) subjective assessments of memory capacity were not related to eyewitness free recall performance; (2) although individual confidence and over/underconfidence was somewhat stable across different memory tests, accuracy was less stable; and (3) individuals with higher self-rated memory capacity had a slightly stronger confidence-accuracy relation in free recall. These results are discussed with respect to metamemory assessments and performance stability across memory tests of different domains.
采用模拟证人方法，我们研究了元记忆测量和客观记忆测试作为目击者自由回忆表现的预测指标的预测价值。参与者（n=208）首先完成了元记忆评估，其中包括自我评估的记忆容量、记忆发展和策略使用的评估。在单独的会议上，参与者观看了模拟犯罪视频并提供了自由回忆，然后进行了四个独立记忆测试中的一个（即自由回忆、线索回忆、面部识别和一般知识）。准确性、报告的细节数量、目击者自由回忆的信心和过度/不足信心是主要的因变量。结果表明了三个主要发现：（1）主观记忆容量评估与目击者自由回忆表现无关；（2）尽管个体的信心和过度/不足信心在不同的记忆测试中有些稳定，但准确性则不太稳定；（3）自我评估记忆容量较高的个体在自由回忆中具有稍微更强的信心准确性关系。这些结果与不同领域的记忆测试中的元记忆评估和性能稳定性有关。
