Jenkins Tom L, Ellis Charlie D, Triantafyllidis Alexandros, Stevens Jamie R
Department of Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences University of Exeter Exeter UK.
National Lobster Hatchery South Quay Padstow UK.
Evol Appl. 2019 Aug 7;12(10):1881-1899. doi: 10.1111/eva.12849. eCollection 2019 Dec.
Resolving stock structure is crucial for fisheries conservation to ensure that the spatial implementation of management is commensurate with that of biological population units. To address this in the economically important European lobster (), genetic structure was explored across the species' range using a small panel of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) previously isolated from restriction-site-associated DNA sequencing; these SNPs were selected to maximize differentiation at a range of both broad and fine scales. After quality control and filtering, 1,278 lobsters from 38 sampling sites were genotyped at 79 SNPs. The results revealed a pronounced phylogeographic break between the Atlantic and Mediterranean basins, while structure within the Mediterranean was also apparent, partitioned between lobsters from the central Mediterranean and the Aegean Sea. In addition, a genetic cline across the north-east Atlantic was revealed using both putatively neutral and outlier SNPs, but the precise driver(s) of this clinal pattern-isolation by distance, secondary contact, selection across an environmental gradient, or a combination of these factors-remains undetermined. Putatively neutral markers differentiated lobsters from Oosterschelde, an estuary on the Dutch coast, a finding likely explained by past bottlenecks and limited gene flow with adjacent North Sea populations. Building on the findings of our spatial genetic analysis, we were able to test the accuracy of assigning lobsters at various spatial scales, including to basin of origin (Atlantic or Mediterranean), region of origin and sampling location. The predictive model assembled using 79 SNPs correctly assigned 99.7% of lobsters not used to build the model to their basin of origin, but accuracy decreased to region of origin and again to sampling location. These results are of direct relevance to managers of lobster fisheries and hatcheries, and provide the basis for a genetic tool for tracing the origin of European lobsters in the food supply chain.
解析种群结构对于渔业保护至关重要，以确保管理措施在空间上的实施与生物种群单位相匹配。为了解决经济上重要的欧洲龙虾（）的这一问题，我们使用先前从限制性内切酶相关DNA测序中分离出的一小部分单核苷酸多态性（SNP），在该物种的分布范围内探索了遗传结构；选择这些SNP是为了在广泛和精细尺度上最大化分化。经过质量控制和筛选，对来自38个采样点的1278只龙虾进行了79个SNP的基因分型。结果显示，大西洋和地中海流域之间存在明显的系统地理间断，而地中海内部的结构也很明显，分为来自地中海中部和爱琴海的龙虾。此外，利用假定中性和异常SNP揭示了东北大西洋的遗传渐变，但这种渐变模式的确切驱动因素——距离隔离、二次接触、跨环境梯度的选择，或这些因素的组合——仍未确定。假定中性标记区分了来自荷兰海岸河口奥斯坦德的龙虾，这一发现可能是由于过去的瓶颈以及与相邻北海种群的有限基因流动造成的。基于我们空间遗传分析的结果，我们能够测试在不同空间尺度上对龙虾进行归属的准确性，包括归属到起源流域（大西洋或地中海）、起源区域和采样地点。使用79个SNP构建的预测模型将99.7%未用于构建模型的龙虾正确归属到其起源流域，但归属到起源区域和采样地点时准确性降低。这些结果与龙虾渔业和孵化场的管理者直接相关，并为追踪食品供应链中欧洲龙虾起源的遗传工具提供了基础。
