Radajewski Kamil, Wierzchowska Małgorzata, Grzanka Dariusz, Antosik Paulina, Zdrenka Marek, Burduk Paweł
Klinika Otolaryngologii, Onkologii Laryngologicznej i Chirurgii Szczękowo-Twarzowej, Collegium Medicum w Bydgoszczy.
Uniwersytet Mikołaja Kopernika w Toruniu.
Otolaryngol Pol. 2019 Sep 2;73(5):1-4. doi: 10.5604/01.3001.0013.4121.
CRS is a process involving a number of adverse changes in the mucosa of the paranasal sinuses and nasal polyps, e.g. increased fibroblast proliferation, angiogenesis, increased formation of fibrous tissue (subepithelial fibrosis) and tissue destruction. There are biomarkers whose levels can be increased in chronic inflammation of the paranasal sinuses: peripheral blood eosinophilia, IgE immunoglobulin, cytokines - IL-4, IL-5, IL-13, IL-25, IL-33, periostin, P-glycoprotein, CXCL-12, CXCL-13, INF-Υ, TNFα, TGFβ1, albumins, eotaxin. These biomarkers are not pathognomonic for CRS. The concentration of biomarkers is also increased in bronchial asthma and atopic dermatitis. The TGFβ, in particular, the β1 subunit, was identified as the main factor involved in the remodeling of tissue stroma. In conjunction with the continuous improvement of tissue testing methods, it is advisable to search for new factors that will more accurately allow the assessment of tissue remodeling in the chronic processes of paranasal sinuses.
慢性鼻-鼻窦炎（CRS）是一个涉及鼻窦黏膜和鼻息肉发生多种不良变化的过程，例如成纤维细胞增殖增加、血管生成、纤维组织形成增加（上皮下纤维化）以及组织破坏。存在一些生物标志物，其水平在鼻窦慢性炎症中可能会升高：外周血嗜酸性粒细胞增多、免疫球蛋白IgE、细胞因子——白细胞介素-4（IL-4）、白细胞介素-5（IL-5）、白细胞介素-13（IL-13）、白细胞介素-25（IL-25）、白细胞介素-33（IL-33）、骨膜蛋白、P-糖蛋白、CXC趋化因子配体12（CXCL-12）、CXC趋化因子配体13（CXCL-13）、干扰素-γ（INF-Υ）、肿瘤坏死因子α（TNFα）、转化生长因子β1（TGFβ1）、白蛋白、嗜酸性粒细胞趋化因子。这些生物标志物并非CRS所特有的。在支气管哮喘和特应性皮炎中，生物标志物的浓度也会升高。特别是转化生长因子β，尤其是β1亚基，被确定为参与组织基质重塑的主要因素。随着组织检测方法的不断改进，寻找能够更准确评估鼻窦慢性过程中组织重塑的新因素是可取的。
