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具有超冷玻色子的周期离散时间晶体和准晶体。

Period-n Discrete Time Crystals and Quasicrystals with Ultracold Bosons.

机构信息

Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom.

Department of Physics, Technische Universität München, 85747 Garching, Germany.

出版信息

Phys Rev Lett. 2019 Oct 11;123(15):150601. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.123.150601.

Abstract

We investigate the out-of-equilibrium properties of a system of interacting bosons in a ring lattice. We present a Floquet driving that induces clockwise (counterclockwise) circulation of the particles among the odd (even) sites of the ring which can be mapped to a fully connected model of clocks of two counterrotating species. The clocklike motion of the particles is at the core of a period-n discrete time crystal where L=2n is the number of lattice sites. In the presence of a "staircaselike" on-site potential, we report the emergence of a second characteristic timescale in addition to the period n-tupling. This new timescale depends on the microscopic parameters of the Hamiltonian and is incommensurate with the Floquet period, underpinning a dynamical phase we call "time quasicrystal." The rich dynamical phase diagram also features a thermal phase and an oscillatory phase, all of which we investigate and characterize. Our simple, yet rich model can be realized with state-of-the-art ultracold atoms experiments.

摘要

我们研究了在环形晶格中相互作用玻色子系统的非平衡性质。我们提出了一种 Floquet 驱动,它诱导粒子在环的奇数(偶数)站点之间顺时针(逆时针)循环,这可以映射到两个反向旋转物种的时钟的全连接模型。粒子的时钟样运动是周期为 n 的离散时间晶体的核心,其中 L=2n 是晶格站点的数量。在存在“阶梯状”局域势的情况下,除了 n 倍周期外,我们还报告了第二个特征时间尺度的出现。这个新的时间尺度取决于哈密顿量的微观参数,并且与 Floquet 周期不同步,这支持了我们称之为“时间准晶体”的动力学相。丰富的动力学相图还具有热相和振荡相,我们都对它们进行了研究和表征。我们的简单但丰富的模型可以用最先进的超冷原子实验来实现。

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