University of Minnesota, Department of Laboratory Medicine & Pathology, 312 Church St. SE Room 3-110, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
University of Minnesota, School of Public Health Biostatistics Division, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
Diabetes Metab. 2020 Sep;46(4):319-325. doi: 10.1016/j.diabet.2019.10.005. Epub 2019 Nov 6.
Determine whether plasma omega-7 vaccenic acid and palmitoleic acid levels are related to homeostasis model of insulin resistance scores and incident type II diabetes, and whether race/ethnicity modifies these associations.
Plasma phospholipid fatty acids were measured by gas chromatography with flame-ionization detection in Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis participants. Linear regression determined associations of vaccenic acid and palmitoleic acid with log-transformed homeostasis model of insulin resistance scores (n=5689), and Cox regression determined associations with incident type II diabetes (n=5413, 660 cases). Race-interactions were tested.
Adjusting for typical risk factors, higher levels of plasma vaccenic acid were found to be inversely associated with insulin resistance scores across all four race/ethnicities, and a significant race-interaction was observed between Hispanics and Caucasians (P for interaction=0.03). Vaccenic acid was related to 17%, 32%, and 39% lower risks of incident type II diabetes in Black, Hispanic, and Chinese American participants, respectively. Differences in associations between races were detected (P for interactions<0.05). By contrast, higher levels of plasma palmitoleic acid were related to greater insulin resistance scores in Blacks (P<0.001) and Hispanics (P<0.001); significant race-based differences between associations were detected (P for interactions<0.05). Palmitoleic acid was correspondingly related to a 21% greater risk of incident type II diabetes in Black individuals.
Results suggest that plasma vaccenic acid and palmitoleic acid are markers of metabolic health and dysfunction, respectively. Coupled with previous evidence and the significant race-interactions, our findings have implications for future studies of the race-based differences in omega-7 fatty acids and their regulation in the context of deteriorating metabolic health.
确定血浆ω-7 型花生酸和棕榈油酸水平与胰岛素抵抗稳态模型评分和 2 型糖尿病发病的关系，以及种族/民族是否会改变这些关联。
采用气相色谱-火焰离子化检测法测定动脉粥样硬化多民族研究参与者的血浆磷脂脂肪酸。线性回归分析了花生酸和棕榈油酸与经对数转换的胰岛素抵抗稳态模型评分（n=5689）的关系，Cox 回归分析了与 2 型糖尿病发病（n=5413，660 例）的关系。检验了种族间的相互作用。
在调整了典型的危险因素后，发现所有四种种族/民族的血浆花生酸水平与胰岛素抵抗评分呈负相关，且在西班牙裔和白种人之间观察到显著的种族间相互作用（P 交互=0.03）。在黑人、西班牙裔和华裔参与者中，花生酸与 2 型糖尿病发病的风险分别降低了 17%、32%和 39%。在不同种族之间检测到了相关性的差异（P 交互<0.05）。相比之下，较高水平的血浆棕榈油酸与黑人（P<0.001）和西班牙裔（P<0.001）的胰岛素抵抗评分较高有关；在相关性方面检测到了显著的基于种族的差异（P 交互<0.05）。棕榈油酸与黑人个体 2 型糖尿病发病的风险增加 21%相关。
结果表明，血浆花生酸和棕榈油酸分别是代谢健康和功能障碍的标志物。结合以前的证据和显著的种族间相互作用，我们的研究结果对未来研究ω-7 脂肪酸的种族差异及其在代谢健康恶化背景下的调节具有重要意义。
