Institute of Clinical Sciences, Internal Medicine (YM, HC, JV, AS, JK, and ML), the Institute of Biomedicine Physiology (JÅ), and the Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition (MU and US), University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland, and the Research Unit (MU) and the Department of Medicine (HC, JK, and ML), Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland.
Am J Clin Nutr. 2014 Jan;99(1):79-85. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.113.069740. Epub 2013 Oct 23.
The significance of erythrocyte membrane fatty acids (EMFAs) and their ratios to predict hyperglycemia and incident type 2 diabetes is unclear.
We investigated EMFAs as predictors of the worsening of hyperglycemia and incident type 2 diabetes in a 5-y follow-up of a population-based study.
We measured EMFAs in 1346 Finnish men aged 45-73 y at baseline [mean ± SD age: 55 ± 6 y; body mass index (in kg/m(2)): 26.5 ± 3.5]. Our prospective follow-up study included only men who were nondiabetic at baseline and who had data available at the 5-y follow-up visit (n = 735).
Our study showed that, after adjustment for confounding factors, palmitoleic acid (16:1n-7; P = 2.8 × 10(-7)), dihomo-γ-linolenic acid (20:3n-6; P = 2.3 × 10(-4)), the ratio of 16:1n-7 to 16:0 (P = 1.6 × 10(-8)) as a marker of stearoyl coenzyme A desaturase 1 activity, and the ratio of 20:3n-6 to 18:2n-6 (P = 9.4 × 10(-7)) as a marker of Δ(6)-desaturase activity significantly predicted the worsening of hyperglycemia (glucose area under the curve in an oral-glucose-tolerance test). In contrast, linoleic acid (18:2n-6; P = 0.0015) and the ratio of 18:1n-7 to 16:1n-7 (P = 1.5 × 10(-9)) as a marker of elongase activity had opposite associations. Statistical significance persisted even after adjustment for baseline insulin sensitivity, insulin secretion, and glycemia. Palmitoleic acid (P = 0.010) and the ratio of 16:1n-7 to 16:0 (P = 0.004) nominally predicted incident type 2 diabetes, whereas linoleic acid had an opposite association (P = 0.004), and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids did not show any associations.
EMFAs and their ratios are associated longitudinally with changes in glycemia and the risk type 2 diabetes.
红细胞膜脂肪酸（EMFAs）及其比值对预测高血糖和 2 型糖尿病发病的意义尚不清楚。
我们研究了 EMFAs 在一项基于人群的 5 年随访中对高血糖恶化和 2 型糖尿病发病的预测作用。
我们在基线时测量了 1346 名年龄在 45-73 岁的芬兰男性的 EMFAs[平均±标准差年龄：55±6 岁；体重指数（kg/m2）：26.5±3.5]。我们的前瞻性随访研究仅包括基线时无糖尿病且在 5 年随访时可获得数据的男性（n=735）。
我们的研究表明，在校正混杂因素后，棕榈油酸（16:1n-7；P=2.8×10(-7)）、二高-γ-亚麻酸（20:3n-6；P=2.3×10(-4)）、16:1n-7 与 16:0 的比值（P=1.6×10(-8)）作为硬脂酰辅酶 A 去饱和酶 1 活性的标志物，以及 20:3n-6 与 18:2n-6 的比值（P=9.4×10(-7)）作为 Δ(6)-去饱和酶活性的标志物，显著预测了高血糖的恶化（口服葡萄糖耐量试验中的血糖曲线下面积）。相比之下，亚油酸（18:2n-6；P=0.0015）和 18:1n-7 与 16:1n-7 的比值（P=1.5×10(-9)）作为延伸酶活性的标志物则呈相反的关联。即使在校正基线胰岛素敏感性、胰岛素分泌和血糖后，统计学意义仍然存在。棕榈油酸（P=0.010）和 16:1n-7 与 16:0 的比值（P=0.004）名义上预测了 2 型糖尿病的发生，而亚油酸则呈相反的关联（P=0.004），n-3 多不饱和脂肪酸则没有任何关联。
EMFAs 及其比值与血糖变化和 2 型糖尿病风险呈纵向相关。
