Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, University of Gothenburg and Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Box 414 40530, Göteborg, Sweden.
BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2019 Nov 10;20(1):529. doi: 10.1186/s12891-019-2909-1.
The aim of this study was to investigate what exposure to work demands, physical and psychosocial, is associated with lower levels of sickness absence among workers with neck or upper back pain in different groups, by age, gender, duration of sickness absence and work ability score.
This study was a prospective study of 4567 workers with neck or upper back pain. Data on neck or upper back pain, work demand and work ability were obtained from the Swedish Work Environment survey over a 3-year period (2009-2013). Register data on sickness absence, 1 year after each survey was conducted, were obtained from the Swedish health insurance database. Analyses were performed to estimate the association between self-reported work demands and registered sick days > 14 days. The analyses were stratified for gender, age group and work ability score.
Lower numbers of sick days were found for workers reporting low exposure to lifting ≥15 kg and twisted or forward-leaning work postures. Lower numbers of sick days were found for workers reporting high work control and seated work. The associations were generally stronger in the older age groups for the physical work demands.
The findings in this study suggest that certain physical work demands and having high control over one's work can result in lower sickness absence, especially among middle-aged and older workers with neck or upper back pain.
本研究旨在探讨在不同组别中，哪些与工作相关的物理和心理社会因素的暴露与颈部或上背痛工人的病假缺勤率较低有关，这些组别按年龄、性别、病假缺勤时间和工作能力评分来划分。
这是一项对 4567 名颈部或上背痛工人的前瞻性研究。通过瑞典工作环境调查，在 3 年期间（2009-2013 年）获得颈部或上背痛、工作需求和工作能力的数据。从瑞典健康保险数据库获得了每次调查后 1 年的病假缺勤登记数据。进行了分析，以评估自我报告的工作需求与注册病假 > 14 天之间的关联。分析按性别、年龄组和工作能力评分进行分层。
报告低水平的举重物（≥15kg）和扭曲或前屈工作姿势的工人，报告高水平工作控制和坐姿工作的工人，病假天数较少。对于体力工作需求，这些关联在年龄较大的组别中通常更强。
本研究的结果表明，某些体力工作需求和对工作的高度控制可能会导致病假缺勤率降低，特别是对于患有颈部或上背痛的中年和老年工人。
