CNR IEIIT-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Elettronica e di Ingegneria dell'Informazione e delle Telecomunicazioni, 20133 Milan, Italy.
Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria DEIB, Politecnico di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019 Nov 8;16(22):4363. doi: 10.3390/ijerph16224363.
Personal exposure to Extremely Low Frequency Magnetic Fields (ELF MF) in children is a very timely topic. We applied cluster analysis to 24 h indoor personal exposures of 884 children in France to identify possible common patterns of exposures. We investigated how electric networks near child home and other variables potentially affecting residential exposure, such as indoor sources of ELF MF, the age and type of the residence and family size, characterized the magnetic field exposure patterns. We identified three indoor personal exposure patterns: children living near overhead lines of high (63-150 kV), extra-high (225 kV) and ultra-high voltage (400 kV) were characterized by the highest exposures; children living near underground networks of low (400 V) and mid voltage (20 kV) and substations (20 kV/400 V) were characterized by mid exposures; children living far from electric networks had the lowest level of exposure. The harmonic component was not relevant in discriminating the exposure patterns, unlike the 50 Hz or broadband (40-800 Hz) component. Children using electric heating appliances, or living in big buildings or in larger families had generally a higher level of personal indoor exposure. Instead, the age of the residence was not relevant in differentiating the exposure patterns.
儿童个体对极低频磁场（ELF MF）的暴露是一个非常及时的话题。我们对法国 884 名儿童 24 小时室内个人暴露进行了聚类分析，以确定可能存在的共同暴露模式。我们研究了儿童家庭附近的电网以及其他可能影响住宅暴露的变量，如室内 ELF MF 源、住宅的年龄和类型以及家庭规模，这些因素如何描述磁场暴露模式。我们确定了三种室内个人暴露模式：居住在架空高压（63-150 kV）、特高压（225 kV）和超高压（400 kV）线路附近的儿童具有最高的暴露水平；居住在地下网络低压（400 V）、中压（20 kV）和变电站（20 kV/400 V）附近的儿童具有中等暴露水平；远离电网的儿童暴露水平最低。与 50 Hz 或宽带（40-800 Hz）分量不同，谐波分量在区分暴露模式方面没有相关性。使用电热器具、居住在大型建筑物或大家庭中的儿童通常具有更高水平的个人室内暴露。相反，住宅的年龄在区分暴露模式方面没有相关性。
