Croot Liz, O'Cathain Alicia, Sworn Katie, Yardley Lucy, Turner Katrina, Duncan Edward, Hoddinott Pat
1Medical Care Research Unit, School of Health and Related Research (ScHARR), University of Sheffield, Regent Court, 30 Regent Street, Sheffield, S1 4DA UK.
2Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
Pilot Feasibility Stud. 2019 Nov 8;5:127. doi: 10.1186/s40814-019-0512-8. eCollection 2019.
Researchers publish the processes they use to develop interventions to improve health. Reflecting on this endeavour may help future developers to improve their practice.
Our aim was to collate, describe, and analyse the actions developers take when developing complex interventions to improve health. We carried out a systematic mapping review of empirical research studies that report the development of complex interventions to improve health. A search was undertaken of five databases over 2015-2016 using the term 'intervention dev*'. Eighty-seven journal articles reporting the process of intervention development were identified. A purposive subset of 30 articles, using a range of published approaches to developing interventions, was selected for in-depth analysis using principles of realist synthesis to identify the actions of intervention development and rationales underpinning those actions.
The 87 articles were from the USA (39/87), the UK (32/87), continental Europe (6/87), and the rest of the world (10/87). These mainly took a pragmatic self-selected approach ( = 43); a theory- and evidence-based approach, e.g. Intervention Mapping, Behaviour Change Wheel ( = 22); or a partnership approach, e.g. community-based participatory research, co-design ( = 10). Ten actions of intervention development were identified from the subset of 30 articles, including identifying a need for an intervention, selecting the intervention development approach to follow, considering the needs of the target population, reviewing published evidence, involving stakeholders, drawing or generating theory, and designing and refining the intervention. Rationales for these actions were that they would produce more engaging, acceptable, feasible, and effective interventions.
Developers take a variety of approaches to the international endeavour of complex intervention development. We have identified and described a set of actions taken within this endeavour regardless of whether developers follow a published approach or not. Future developers can use these actions and the rationales that underpin them to help them make decisions about the process of intervention development.
PROSPERO, CRD42017080545.
研究人员公布他们用于开发改善健康干预措施的过程。反思这一努力可能有助于未来的开发者改进他们的实践。
我们的目的是整理、描述和分析开发者在开发改善健康的复杂干预措施时所采取的行动。我们对报告开发改善健康的复杂干预措施的实证研究进行了系统映射综述。在2015 - 2016年期间，使用术语“干预开发*”对五个数据库进行了检索。确定了87篇报告干预开发过程的期刊文章。使用现实主义综合原则，从30篇文章中选取了一个有目的的子集，这些文章采用了一系列已发表的干预开发方法，以进行深入分析，从而确定干预开发的行动及其背后的基本原理。
这87篇文章来自美国（39/87）、英国（32/87）、欧洲大陆（6/87）和世界其他地区（10/87）。这些文章主要采用务实的自我选择方法（= 43）；基于理论和证据的方法，如干预映射、行为改变轮（= 22）；或伙伴关系方法，如社区参与式研究、共同设计（= 10）。从30篇文章的子集中确定了干预开发的10项行动，包括确定干预需求、选择要遵循的干预开发方法、考虑目标人群的需求、审查已发表的证据、让利益相关者参与、借鉴或生成理论以及设计和完善干预措施。这些行动的基本原理是，它们将产生更具吸引力、可接受、可行和有效的干预措施。
开发者在复杂干预开发的国际努力中采用了多种方法。我们已经确定并描述了在这一努力中所采取的一系列行动，无论开发者是否遵循已发表的方法。未来的开发者可以使用这些行动及其背后的基本原理来帮助他们在干预开发过程中做出决策。
PROSPERO，CRD42017080545。
