Dalvin Lauren A, Smith Wendy M
Department of Ophthalmology, Mayo Clinic, 200 1st St SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
J Clin Tuberc Other Mycobact Dis. 2015 Nov 27;4:50-57. doi: 10.1016/j.jctube.2015.11.001. eCollection 2016 Aug.
Tuberculosis (TB) is an airborne infectious disease caused by that most commonly affects the lungs. However, extrapulmonary manifestations of TB can affect the eye and surrounding orbital tissues. TB can affect nearly any tissue in the eye, and a high index of suspicion is required for accurate diagnosis. Systemic anti-tuberculosis treatment is required in cases of ocular TB, and steroids are sometimes necessary to prevent tissue damage secondary to inflammation. Delays in diagnosis are common and can result in morbidities such as loss of an affected eye. It is important for ophthalmologists and infectious disease specialists to work together to accurately diagnose and treat ocular TB in order to prevent vision loss. This article reports the various known presentations of orbital and external ocular TB and reviews important elements of diagnosis and treatment.
结核病（TB）是一种由[病原体未提及]引起的空气传播传染病，最常影响肺部。然而，结核病的肺外表现可累及眼睛及眼眶周围组织。结核病几乎可影响眼部的任何组织，准确诊断需要高度的怀疑指数。眼部结核病患者需要进行全身性抗结核治疗，有时还需要使用类固醇来预防炎症继发的组织损伤。诊断延迟很常见，可能导致如患眼失明等不良后果。眼科医生和传染病专家共同努力准确诊断和治疗眼部结核病以防止视力丧失非常重要。本文报告了眼眶和眼外部结核病的各种已知表现，并综述了诊断和治疗的重要要点。
