喀拉拉邦城市成年女性躯体化和焦虑的患病率及决定因素
Prevalence and Determinants of Somatization and Anxiety among Adult Women in an Urban Population in Kerala.
作者信息
Babu Arjun Rajendra, Sreedevi Aswathy, John Alexander, Krishnapillai Vijayakumar
机构信息
Community Medicine, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS, Kochi, Kerala, India.
Department of Community Medicine, SNIMS, Ernakulam, Kerala, India.
出版信息
Indian J Community Med. 2019 Oct;44(Suppl 1):S66-S69. doi: 10.4103/ijcm.IJCM_55_19.
BACKGROUND
Common mental disorders (CMDs) such as somatization and anxiety are prevalent in general practice. These are twice more common in women.
OBJECTIVES
The objective of this study is to estimate the prevalence and determinants of somatization and anxiety among adult women in an urban population of Kochi.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A cross-sectional study was conducted among 1210 adult women of Kochi in 2016-2017. The Patient Health Questionnaire-15; the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 questionnaire; the Hurt, Insult, Threaten, and Scream tool; and a semi-structured questionnaire were used to estimate the prevalence of somatization and anxiety. Descriptive statistics and univariate and multivariate analysis were done for factors associated with CMDs.
RESULTS
Most of the respondents were married (77.7%), with a mean age of 45.24 ± 15.59. In the current study, 40.8% (95% confidence interval [CI] =38.09-43.62) had somatization and 23.9% (95% CI = 21.57-26.37) had anxiety disorders. In the final logistic regression model, hypertension, perception of illness, positive family history of mental illness, and arthritis were the four determinants common to somatization and anxiety. Menstrual problems (odds ratio [OR] =3.19; 95% CI = 1.12-5.9), cardiac illness (OR = 2.31; 95% CI = 1.08-4.9), and history of major surgeries (OR = 1.62; 95% CI = 1.14-2.41) were independent determinants of somatization. The status of being single (OR = 1.71; 95% CI = 1.25-2.32), adverse life circumstances (OR = 5.85; 95% CI = 3.98-8.6), diabetes (OR = 2.04; 95% CI = 1.25-3.34), sleep problems (OR = 1.64; 95% CI = 1.77-2.91), and history of drug use (OR = 4.89; 95% CI = 1.92-12.46) were independent determinants of anxiety.
CONCLUSION
Mental health services for urban women deserve immediate attention as the prevalence of somatization and anxiety is high. Hence, it is important to screen for somatization and anxiety among women with noncommunicable diseases.
背景
躯体化和焦虑等常见精神障碍在全科医疗中普遍存在。这些障碍在女性中更为常见，其发生率是男性的两倍。
目的
本研究旨在评估科钦市成年女性中躯体化和焦虑的患病率及其决定因素。
材料与方法
2016 - 2017年对科钦市1210名成年女性进行了一项横断面研究。采用患者健康问卷 - 15、广泛性焦虑障碍 - 7问卷、伤害、侮辱、威胁和尖叫工具以及一份半结构化问卷来评估躯体化和焦虑的患病率。对与常见精神障碍相关的因素进行了描述性统计、单因素分析和多因素分析。
结果
大多数受访者已婚（77.7%），平均年龄为45.24 ± 15.59岁。在本研究中，40.8%（95%置信区间[CI] = 38.09 - 43.62）有躯体化症状，23.9%（95% CI = 21.57 - 26.37）有焦虑症。在最终的逻辑回归模型中，高血压、疾病认知、精神疾病家族史阳性和关节炎是躯体化和焦虑共有的四个决定因素。月经问题（比值比[OR] = 3.19；95% CI = 1.12 - 5.9）、心脏病（OR = 2.31；95% CI = 1.08 - 4.9）和大手术史（OR = 1.62；95% CI = 1.14 - 2.41）是躯体化的独立决定因素。单身状态（OR = 1.71；95% CI = 1.25 - 2.32）、不良生活环境（OR = 5.85；95% CI = 3.98 - 8.6）、糖尿病（OR = 2.04；95% CI = 1.25 - 3.34）、睡眠问题（OR = 1.64；95% CI = 1.77 - 2.91）和药物使用史（OR = 4.89；95% CI = 1.92 - 12.46）是焦虑的独立决定因素。
结论
由于躯体化和焦虑的患病率较高；城市女性的心理健康服务值得立即关注。因此，对患有非传染性疾病的女性进行躯体化和焦虑筛查很重要。
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