Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology, Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, Kazan, Russia.
Laboratory of Extreme Biology, Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan (Volga region) Federal University, Kazan, Russia.
World J Microbiol Biotechnol. 2019 Nov 14;35(12):181. doi: 10.1007/s11274-019-2761-3.
Root-associated fungi and bacteria play a pivotal role in the plant-soil ecosystem by influencing both plant growth and immunity. The aim of this study was to unravel the biodiversity of the bacterial and fungal rhizosphere (RS) and rhizoplane (RP) microbiota of Zhukovskij rannij potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) cultivar growing in the Alfisol of Tatarstan, Russia. To assess the structure and diversity of microbial communities, we employed the 16S rRNA and internal transcribed spacer gene library technique. Overall, sequence analysis showed the presence of 3982 bacterial and 188 fungal operational taxonomic units (OTUs) in the RP, and 6018 bacterial and 320 fungal OTUs for in the RS. Comparison between microbial community structures in the RS and RP showed significant differences between these compartments. Biodiversity was higher in the RS than in the RP. Although members of Proteobacteria (RS-59.1 ± 4.9%; RP-54.5 ± 9.2%), Bacteroidetes (RS-23.19 ± 10.2%; RP-34.52 ± 10.4%) and Actinobacteria (RS-11.55 ± 4.9%; RP-7.7 ± 5.1%) were the three most dominant phyla, accounting for 94-98% of all bacterial taxa in both compartments, notable variations were observed in the primary dominance of classes and genera in RS and RP samples. In addition, our results demonstrated that the potato rhizoplane was significantly enriched with the genera Flavobacterium, Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter and other potentially beneficial bacteria. The fungal community was predominantly inhabited by members of the Ascomycota phylum (RS-81.4 ± 8.1%; RP-81.7 ± 5.7%), among which the genera Fusarium (RS-10.34 ± 3.41%; RP-9.96 ± 4.79%), Monographella (RS-7.66 ± 4.43%; RP-9.91 ± 5.87%), Verticillium (RS-4.6 ± 1.43%; RP-8.27 ± 3.63%) and Chaetomium (RS-4.95 ± 2.07%; RP-8.33 ± 4.93%) were particularly abundant. Interestingly, potato rhizoplane was significantly enriched with potentially useful fungal genera, such as Mortierella and Metacordiceps. A comparative analysis revealed that the abundance of Fusarium (a cosmopolitan plant pathogen) varied significantly depending on rotation variants, indicating a possible control of phytopathogenic fungi via management-induced shifts through crop rotational methods. Analysis of the core microbiome of bacterial and fungal community structure showed that the formation of bacterial microbiota in the rhizosphere and rhizoplane is dependent on the host plant.
根相关真菌和细菌通过影响植物生长和免疫来在植物-土壤生态系统中发挥关键作用。本研究的目的是阐明俄罗斯鞑靼斯坦 Alfisol 中种植的 Zhukovskij rannij 马铃薯（Solanum tuberosum L.）根际（RS）和根面（RP）微生物区系的细菌和真菌生物多样性。为了评估微生物群落的结构和多样性，我们采用了 16S rRNA 和内部转录间隔区基因文库技术。总的来说，序列分析显示 RP 中有 3982 个细菌和 188 个真菌操作分类单元（OTUs），而 RS 中有 6018 个细菌和 320 个真菌 OTUs。RS 和 RP 中微生物群落结构的比较表明，这两个隔室之间存在显著差异。RS 中的生物多样性高于 RP。尽管变形菌门（RS-59.1±4.9%；RP-54.5±9.2%）、拟杆菌门（RS-23.19±10.2%；RP-34.52±10.4%）和放线菌门（RS-11.55±4.9%；RP-7.7±5.1%）是三个最主要的门，但占所有细菌类群的 94-98%，在 RS 和 RP 样本中观察到主要优势类群和属的显著变化。此外，我们的结果表明，马铃薯根面明显富集了黄杆菌属、假单胞菌属、不动杆菌属和其他潜在有益细菌。真菌群落主要由子囊菌门成员（RS-81.4±8.1%；RP-81.7±5.7%）组成，其中镰刀菌属（RS-10.34±3.41%；RP-9.96±4.79%）、单端孢属（RS-7.66±4.43%；RP-9.91±5.87%）、Verticillium（RS-4.6±1.43%；RP-8.27±3.63%）和 Chaetomium（RS-4.95±2.07%；RP-8.33±4.93%）特别丰富。有趣的是，马铃薯根面明显富集了有潜在用途的真菌属，如 Mortierella 和 Metacordiceps。比较分析表明，镰刀菌（一种世界性的植物病原体）的丰度因轮作变体而异，这表明通过作物轮作方法可以通过管理诱导的变化来控制植物病原菌。细菌和真菌群落结构核心微生物组的分析表明，根际和根面细菌菌群的形成取决于宿主植物。
