Eapen Mathew Suji, McAlinden Kielan Darcy, Myers Stephen, Lu Wenying, Sohal Sukhwinder Singh
Respiratory Translational Research Group, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Tasmania, Launceston, Tasmania 7248, Australia.
J Clin Med. 2019 Nov 15;8(11):1986. doi: 10.3390/jcm8111986.
microRNAs (miRNAs) bind to mRNAs and inhibit their expression through post-transcriptionally regulating gene expression. Here, we elaborate upon the concise summary of the role of miRNAs in carcinogenesis with specific attention to precursor respiratory pathogenesis caused by cigarette smoke modulation of these miRNAs. We review how miRNAs are implicated in cigarette-smoke-driven mechanisms, such as epithelial to mesenchymal transition, autophagy modulation, and lung ageing, which are important in the development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and potential progression to lung cancer. Extracellular vesicles are key to inter-cellular communication and sharing of miRNAs. A deeper understanding of the role of miRNAs in chronic respiratory disease and their use as clinical biomarkers has great potential. Therapeutic targeting of miRNAs may significantly benefit the prevention of cancer progression.
微小RNA（miRNA）与信使核糖核酸（mRNA）结合，并通过转录后调控基因表达来抑制其表达。在此，我们详细阐述miRNA在致癌作用中的作用概述，并特别关注由香烟烟雾对这些miRNA的调节所引发的呼吸道前期发病机制。我们回顾了miRNA如何参与香烟烟雾驱动的机制，如上皮-间质转化、自噬调节和肺老化，这些机制在慢性阻塞性肺疾病的发展以及向肺癌的潜在进展中起着重要作用。细胞外囊泡是细胞间通讯和miRNA共享的关键。深入了解miRNA在慢性呼吸道疾病中的作用及其作为临床生物标志物的用途具有巨大潜力。对miRNA进行治疗性靶向可能会显著有益于预防癌症进展。
